fcmedicineФундаментальная и клиническая медицинаFundamental and Clinical Medicine2500-07642542-0941КемГМУ10.23946/2500-0764-2025-10-2-67-81fcmedicine-1021Research ArticleАКУШЕРСТВО И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯOBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGYПатогенез акушерских и перинатальных осложнений при метаболическоем синдромеPathogenesis of obstetric and perinatal complications in metabolic syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-2979ГуленковаК. А.GulenkovaK. A.

Гуленкова Кристина Артуровна, аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д.6, г. Москва, 117198

 

Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 6, Moscow, 11719

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-6934ОразмурадовА. А.OrazmuradovA. A.

Оразмурадов Агамурад Акмамедович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д.6, г. Москва, 117198

 

Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 6, Moscow, 11719

МуковниковаЕ. В.MukovnikovaE. V.

Муковникова Екатерина Васильевна, аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д.6, г. Москва, 117198

 

Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 6, Moscow, 11719

mukovnikova97@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-4534ХамошинаМ. Б.KhamoshinaM. B.

Хамошина Марина Борисовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д.6, г. Москва, 117198

 

Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 6, Moscow, 11719

Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса ЛумумбыРоссияPeoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice LumumbaRussian Federation2025300620251026781Copyright © Гуленкова К.А., Оразмурадов А.А., Муковникова Е.В., Хамошина М.Б., 20252025Гуленкова К.А., Оразмурадов А.А., Муковникова Е.В., Хамошина М.Б.Gulenkova K.A., Orazmuradov A.A., Mukovnikova E.V., Khamoshina M.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/1021

Цель. Описать акушерские и перинатальные осложнения при метаболическом синдроме с патогенетическим обоснованием. Материалы и методы. Это описательный обзор, основанный на оригинальных исследованиях и обзорных статьях, посвященных акушерским и перинатальным осложнениям при метаболическом синдроме, опубликованных в 2016–2025 гг. и представленных в базах данных PubMed, ScienceDirect, eLibrary. Были использованы следующие методы исследования: интернет-анализ, контент-анализ, исторический, описательно-аналитический. Результаты. Ожирение и метаболический синдром оказывают негативное влияние на исходы матери и плода. Жировая ткань является активным эндокринным органом, который оказывает регулирующее воздействие на сосудистые, метаболические и воспалительные процессы во многих органах и системах и, таким образом, может влиять на акушерские и перинатальные исходы. Заключение. Эпидемия ожирения привлекла внимание к жировой ткани как к важнейшему узлу регуляции системного гомеостаза питательных веществ и энергии. При метаболическом синдроме жировой ткани необходимо адаптироваться к чрезмерной липидной нагрузке с помощью различных стратегий, включающих увеличение размера и количества адипоцитов, а также перестройку состава иммунных клеток и липидного обмена. Неспособность адаптироваться к повышенной пищевой нагрузке приводит к нарушениям функциональности жировой ткани. В результате запускается каскад липотоксических воздействий на другие органы, приводящих к резистентности к инсулину, диабету и связанным с ними метаболическим осложнениям. Эта динамика значительно ускоряется из-за дополнительной метаболической нагрузки, вызванной беременностью.

Aim. To describe a pathogenetic rationale for obstetric and perinatal complications associated with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods. This is a descriptive review based on original research and review articles on obstetric and perinatal complications in the context of metabolic syndrome, published between 2016 and 2025 and indexed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and eLibrary databases. The following research methods were employed: internet-based analysis, content analysis, historical method, and descriptive-analytical approach. Results. Obesity and metabolic syndrome have a negative impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Adipose tissue functions as an active endocrine organ that regulates vascular, metabolic, and inflammatory processes across multiple organ systems, thereby affecting obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Conclusion. The obesity epidemic has drawn attention to adipose tissue as a critical regulator of systemic nutrient and energy homeostasis. In metabolic syndrome, adipose tissue must adapt to excessive lipid load through a variety of strategies, including increasing adipocyte size and number, altering immune cell composition, and reshaping lipid metabolism. Failure to adequately adapt to increased nutritional load results in adipose tissue dysfunction which triggers a cascade of lipotoxic effects on other organs, leading to insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and related metabolic complications. Adipose tissue dysfunction is significantly accelerated by the additional metabolic load imposed by pregnancy

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.