fcmedicineФундаментальная и клиническая медицинаFundamental and Clinical Medicine2500-07642542-0941КемГМУ10.23946/2500-0764-2026-11-1-15-24fcmedicine-1149Research ArticleПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЯPATHOPHYSIOLOGYМорфологические и иммунологические особенности хронического полипозного риносинусита в зависимости от наличия коморбидного фонаMorphological and immunological features of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis depending on the presence of comorbid backgroundhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3175-1432МаниковскаяТ. М.ManikovskayaT. M.

Маниковская Татьяна Михайловна, ассистент кафедры отоларингологии 

ул. Горького, 39А, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672000 

Dr. Tatyana M. Manikovskaya, MD, assistant of the Otolaryngology Department

Gorky Street, 39A, Chita, 672000 

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8617-0966СердцевМ. И.SerdtsevM. I.

Сердцев Максим Иванович, капитан медицинской службы; аспирант

ул. Горького, 36, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672027 

Dr. Maxim I. Serdtsev, MD, captain of the Medical Service;  postgraduate student 

Gorky Street, 36, Chita, 672027 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-3014БаясхалановаЦ. Б.BayaskhalanovaT. B.

Баясхаланова Цындыма Болотовна, ассистент кафедры гистологии 

ул. Горького, 39А, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672000 

Dr. Tsindyma B. Bayaskhalanova, MD, Assistant of the Department of Histology

Gorky Street, 39A, Chita, 672000 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8601-3499ТерешковП. П.TereshkovP. P.

Терешков Павел Петрович, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией экспериментальной и клинической биохимии и иммунологии научно-исследовательского института молекулярной биологии

ул. Горького, 39А, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672000 

Dr. Pavel P. Tereshkov, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Head of the Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Research Institute of Molecular Biology

Gorky Street, 39A, Chita, 672000 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0724-0352ФефеловаЕ. В.FefelovaE. V.

Фефелова Елена Викторовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патофизиологии

ул. Горького, 39А, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672000 

Dr. Elena V. Fefelova, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Department of Pathophysiology

Gorky Street, 39A, Chita, 672000 

fefelova.elena@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-2398ЕгороваЕ. В.EgorovaE. V.

Егорова Елена Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой отоларингологии 

ул. Горького, 39А, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672000 

Dr. Elena V. Egorova, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Head of the Otolaryngology Department

Gorky Street, 39A, Chita, 672000 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-2351ЦыбиковН. Н.TsybikovN. N.

Цыбиков Намжил Нанзатович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой патофизиологии

ул. Горького, 39А, Чита, Забайкальский край, 672000 

Namzhil N. Tsybikov, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine),, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathophysiology

Gorky Street, 39A, Chita, 672000 

Читинская государственная медицинская академияРоссияChita State Medical AcademyRussian Federation321 военный клинический госпитальРоссия321 Military Clinical HospitalRussian Federation2026220320261111524Copyright © Маниковская Т.М., Сердцев М.И., Баясхаланова Ц.Б., Терешков П.П., Фефелова Е.В., Егорова Е.В., Цыбиков Н.Н., 20262026Маниковская Т.М., Сердцев М.И., Баясхаланова Ц.Б., Терешков П.П., Фефелова Е.В., Егорова Е.В., Цыбиков Н.Н.Manikovskaya T.M., Serdtsev M.I., Bayaskhalanova T.B., Tereshkov P.P., Fefelova E.V., Egorova E.V., Tsybikov N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/1149

Хронический риносинусит (CRS) является гетерогенным и многофакторным воспалительным заболеванием слизистой оболочки носа и околоносовых пазух.

Цель

Цель. Оценка морфологических и некоторых иммунологических особенностей полипов носа у лиц, страдающих хроническим риносинуситом с различным коморбидным фоном.

Материалы и методы исследования. В исследование были включены 76 пациентов, страдающих хроническим полипозным риносинуситом, имеющих в качестве коморбида бронхиальную астму (БА), гипертоническую болезнь (ГБ), хроническую обструктивную болезнь легких (ХОБЛ). Группа контроля представлена пациентами без хронического риносинусита и сопутствующей патологии, оперированных по поводу септопластики. Исследовали количественный и качественный клеточный состав биоптатов полипов и участков слизистой у пациентов контрольной группы. Концентрацию цитокинов (IL-8, IP- 10, MCP-1) определяли в сыворотке крови и гомогенатах тканей с помощью системы мультиплексного анализа «Human Essential Immune Response Panel» компании «Biolegend» (США).

Результаты

Результаты. Общее число клеток на 1 мм2 в ткани полипов было максимально у пациентов, имеющих в анамнезе БА и ГБ. У лиц, страдающих БА, в препаратах полипов превалировали эозинофилы и нейтрофилы. У лиц с ГБ и лиц, не имеющих коморбидных состояний, – лимфоциты. Биоптат полипов носа пациентов, страдающих ХОБЛ, имел примерно одинаковое число эозинофилов и лимфоцитов, с максимальным числом плазматических клеток. Концентрация IP-10 не имела значимых различий в сыворотке крови и гомогенате ткани и была максимальной у лиц с БА. Максимальная концентрация IL-8 зафиксирована у больных с БА, а в тканях – у лиц с ГБ. Наибольшая концентрация МСР-1 и в сыворотке крови, и в гомогенатах ткани полипа обнаружена у больных с БА.

Заключение

Заключение. Индукция образования полипов, их клеточный состав зависят от коморбидного фона пациента.

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a heterogeneous and multifactorial inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses.

Aim

Aim. To evaluate the morphological and some immunological features of nasal polyps in individuals suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis with various comorbid backgrounds.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The study included 76 patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis and comorbidities such as bronchial asthma(, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The control group consisted of patients without chronic rhinosinusitis or associated comorbidities, operated on for septoplasty. We analyzed the quantitative and qualitative cellular composition of polyp biopsies and mucosal samples from the control group. The concentration of cytokines (IL- 8, IP-10, MCP-1) was determined in blood serum and tissue homogenates using the multiplex analysis system "Human Essential Immune Response Panel" by BioLegend (USA).

Results

Results. The total number of cells per 1 mm2 in polyp tissue was maximum in patients with a history of bronchial asthma and hypertension. In individuals with bronchial asthma, eosinophils and neutrophils prevailed in polyp preparations. In patients with hypertension and without comorbid conditions, lymphocytes prevailed. Biopsy specimens of nasal polyps in patients with COPD had approximately the same number of eosinophils and lymphocytes, with the maximum number of plasma cells. The concentration of IP-10 did not differ significantly in blood serum and tissue homogenate and was maximum in individuals with bronchial asthma. The maximum concentration of IL-8 was recorded in patients with bronchial asthma, and in tissues - in individuals with hypertension. The highest concentration of MCP-1 in both blood serum and polyp tissue homogenates was found in patients with bronchial asthma.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The induction of polyp formation and their cellular composition are influenced by the patient’s comorbid background.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.