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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2026-11-2-88-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-1207</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологическая характеристика рака гортани: гендерные особенности, морфология, выживаемость</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiological Profile of Laryngeal Cancer: Gender Differences, Morphological Patterns, and Survival Rates</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1268-6172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холопов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholopov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холопов Дмитрий Вячеславович, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-онколог Центра амбулаторной онкологической помощи</p><p>ул. Олеко Дундича, д. 8, корп. 2, г. Санкт-Петербург, 192283</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Dmitry V. Kholopov, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), oncologist at the Outpatient Oncology Care Center</p><p>Oleko Dundicha Street, 8, Building 2, St. Petersburg, 192283</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xolopov.D.V@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-3505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лялина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyalina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лялина Людмила Владимировна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая лабораторией эпидемиологии инфекционных и неинфекционных заболеваний; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии</p><p>ул. Мира, д. 14, г. Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p><p>ул. Кирочная, д. 41, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Liudmila V. Lyalina, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Epidemiology of Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases; Professor of the Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology, and Disinfection</p><p>Mira Street, 14, St. Petersburg, 197101</p><p>Kirochnaya Street, 41, St. Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-0228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хижа</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khizha</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хижа Валентин Васильевич, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделом медицинской статистики опухолевых заболеваний</p><p>ул. Шкапина, д. 30, г. Санкт-Петербург,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Valentin V. Khizha, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Head of the Department of Medical Statistics of Tumor Diseases</p><p>Shkapina Street, 30, St. Petersburg, 198095</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0029-7150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касаткин</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasatkin</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Касаткин Евгений Владимирович кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии инфекционных и неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>ул. Мира, д. 14, г. Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Evgeny V. Kasatkin, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Researcher at the Laboratory of Epidemiology of Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases</p><p>Mira Street, 14, St. Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-1128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топузов</surname><given-names>Э. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topuzov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Топузов Эльдар Эскендерович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной хирургии им. В.А. Оппеля; главный врач</p><p>ул. Кирочная, д. 41, г. Санкт-Петербург, 19101</p><p>2-я Березовая аллея, д. 3/5, г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Eldar E. Topuzov, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of Department of Hospital Surgery named after V.A. Oppel; Chief physician of the St. Petersburg City Clinical Oncology Dispensary</p><p>Kirochnaya Street, 41, St. Petersburg, 191015</p><p>2nd Berezovaya Alley, 3/5, St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская поликлиника № 109</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Polyclinic № 109</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера»; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russia Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский информационно-аналитический центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Information and Analytical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russia Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова; Городской клинический онкологический диспансер</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; City Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Холопов Д.В., Лялина Л.В., Хижа В.В., Касаткин Е.В., Топузов Э.Э., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Холопов Д.В., Лялина Л.В., Хижа В.В., Касаткин Е.В., Топузов Э.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kholopov D.V., Lyalina L.V., Khizha V.V., Kasatkin E.V., Topuzov E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/1207">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/1207</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Рак гортани является одним из самых распространенных злокачественных новообразований головы и шеи. Цель. Изучить особенности заболеваемости, смертности, морфологию и выживаемость при раке гортани среди мужского и женского населения на примере мегаполиса на Северо-Западе России.Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ 4809 впервые выявленных случаев рака гортани по данным Популяционного ракового регистра Санкт-Петербурга за 2001−2024 гг. В работе использованы эпидемиологический, клинический и статистический методы.Результаты. Показатели заболеваемости раком гортани мужчин варьировали от 7,75 до 8,93 с максимальным уровнем в возрасте 60−69 лет (34,41 на 100 тысяч). Заболеваемость женщин была значительно ниже, однако с 2001 г. по 2024 г. отмечается тенденция к росту от 0,55 до 0,96 (р = 0,001), в возрастных группах 40−49 и 60−69 лет ‒ от 0,37 до 0,74 и 1,16 до 2,27 (р = 0,001) на 100 тысяч соответственно. В изученный период среди мужчин плоскоклеточный рак выявлен в 75,3 %, среди женщин отмечено увеличение доли этой формы рака с 60,6 % до 81,7 % (р &gt; 0,05). Среди мужчин частота случаев, выявленных впервые на IV стадии заболевания, увеличилась с 14,0 % до 27,6 % (р = 0,001), среди женщин − с 14,0 % до 31,4 % (р = 0,037). Показатели смертности от рака гортани среди мужского населения варьировали от 4,32 до 5,56 (р &gt; 0,05), среди женского − увеличились от 0,26 до 0,46 на 100 тысяч (р = 0,018). Среди мужского и женского населения 5-летняя общая выживаемость на ранних стадиях заболевания варьировала, соответственно, на уровне 65,8−70,7 % и 76,7−89,2 %, на поздних – 31,6−36,4 % и 36,0−55,8 %.Заключение. Рак гортани чаще диагностируется у мужчин, однако в последние годы отмечается увеличение показателей заболеваемости и смертности среди женщин. Высокая доля случаев заболевания, выявленных на поздних стадиях, и низкий уровень выживаемости свидетельствуют о необходимости улучшения мероприятий по ранней диагностике и профилактике неоплазии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms of the head and neck region.Aim. To study the characteristics of morbidity, mortality, morphology and survival in laryngeal cancer among the male and female population using the example of a megalopolis in North-West Russia.Materials and Methods. An analysis of 4,809 newly diagnosed cases of laryngeal cancer was conducted based on data from the St. Petersburg Population Cancer Registry for the period 2001–2024. Epidemiological, clinical, and statistical methods were used in the study.Results. The incidence rates of laryngeal cancer in men varied from 7.75 to 8.93 with a maximum level at the age of 60−69 years (34.41 per 100 thousand). The incidence rate in women was significantly lower, but from 2001 to 2024 there was an upward trend from 0.55 to 0.96 (p = 0.001), in the age groups of 40−49 and 60−69 years from 0.37 to 0.74 and 1.16 to 2.27 (p = 0.001) per 100 thousand, respectively. During the studied period, squamous cell carcinoma was detected in 75.3 % of men, while among women, an increase in the proportion of this form of cancer was noted from 60.6 % to 81.7 % (p &gt; 0.05). Among men, the incidence of cases detected for the first time at stage IV of the disease increased from 14.0 % to 27.6 % (p = 0.001), among women from 14.0 % to 31.4 % (p = 0.037). Mortality rates among men varied from 4.32 to 5.56 (p &gt; 0.05), among women they increased from 0.26 to 0.46 per 100 thousand (p = 0.018). Among men and women, 5-year overall survival rates in the early stages of the disease varied, respectively, at the level of 65.8−70.7 % and 76.7−89.2 %, in the late stages – 31.6−36.4 % and 36.0−55.8 %.Conclusion. Laryngeal cancer is more commonly diagnosed in men; however, in recent years, incidence and mortality rates have increased among women. The high proportion of cases detected at late stages and the low survival rate indicate the need for improved early detection and prevention.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак гортани</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>плоскоклеточный рак</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>laryngeal cancer</kwd><kwd>incidence</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>squamous cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IARC. Globocan Larynx. 2020. Ссылка активна на 14.04.2026. URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/14-Larynx-fact-sheet.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">IARC. Globocan Larynx. 2020. 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