<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2019-4-2-58-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика свойств внутрибольничной популяции Klebsiella pneumoniae</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae population</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-8734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьменко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьменко Светлана Анатольевна - аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии.</p><p>650056, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Svetlana A. Kuzmenko - MD, Senior Researsher, Department ofEpidemiology.</p><p>22a, Voroshilova Street, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epidemiologidgkb5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0654-5242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брежнева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brezhneva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брежнева Надежда Ивановна - заведующая бактериологической лабораторией.</p><p>Кемерово</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Nadezhda I. Brezhneva - MD, Head ofthe Bacteriological Laboratory.</p><p>21, Oktyabr’skiyProspekt, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-6656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гончаров Артемий Евгеньевич - доктор медицинских наук, доцент.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Artemy E. Goncharov - MD, DSc, Associate Professor.</p><p>41, Kirochnaya Street, Saint-Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-6689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тутельян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tutelyan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тутелъян Алексей Викторович - доктор медицинских наук, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук, руководитель лаборатории инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Alexey V. Thtelyan - MD, Dsc, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Laboratory for Healthcare-associatedlnfections.</p><p>3a, Novogirevskaya Street, Moscow, 111123</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинскийуниверситет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерацииф; ГАУЗ КО Клиническая больница им. С.В. Беляева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University; Belyaev Kemerovo Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ КО Областная детская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Pediatric Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MetchnikoffNorth-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute ofEpidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузьменко С.А., Брежнева Н.И., Гончаров А.Е., Тутельян А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузьменко С.А., Брежнева Н.И., Гончаров А.Е., Тутельян А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzmenko S.A., Brezhneva N.I., Goncharov A.E., Tutelyan A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/142">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/142</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель.Определить распространенность у пациентов детского возраста резистентных к антимикробным препаратам и дормантных форм Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось в детском многопрофильном стационаре Кемеровской области с 2013 по 2018 годы. Изучена диско-диффузионным методом и методом серийных разведений с определением минимальных ингибирующих концентраций анализатором Vitek 2 Compact чувствительность 485 штаммов Klebsiella pneumoniae к антибиотикам. Выполнено RAPD-типирова-ние 34 культур Klebsiella pneumoniae с использованием программы Total Lab. Количественным методом серийных разведений проведено исследование чувствительности 42 штаммов Klebsiella pneumoniae к спиртосодержащим антисептикам и 76 штаммов к дезинфицирующим средствам, оценка чувствительности 24 штаммов Klebsiella pneumoniae к 4 сериям бактериофагов методом Аппельмана. Определение уровня персисторов в 39 клинических изолятах Klebsiella pneumoniae проводили в соответствии с методикой N. Kaldalu и соавт.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Klebsiella pneumoniae в этиологически значимых количествах чаще всего выделялась из кишечника (826,41 на 1000 пациентов) [95% ДИ=80,24 - 84,80], глотки (33,96 на 1000) [95% ДИ=2,38-4,56]. Колонизация нескольких локусов одновременно составила 18,22 на 1000 пациентов [95% ДИ=4,42 - 7,22]. Установлена преимущественная циркуляция клональной линии А. Подавляющее большинство Klebsiella pneumoniae (92,76%) были резистентны к ампициллину. Минимальная доля резистентных штаммов была выявлена к карбапене-мам и составила 3,41% - к имипенему и 4,25% - к меропенему. Треть штаммов (31,22%) - резистентны к амоксициллину с клавулановой кислотой, 34,90% штаммов продуцировали Р-лак-тамазу расширенного спектра. Доля резистентных штаммов к цефалоспоринам III поколения (цефотаксим, цефтазидим) составила 29,11% и 28,32% соответственно. К цефоперазону-суль-бактаму резистентные штаммы встречались в 2,5 раза реже - 9,43% (р&lt;0,0001). Доля резистентных штаммов к аминогликозидам составляла 14,35% - к нетилмицину и 15,06% - к ами-кацину, 20,71% - к гентамицину. Доля Klebsiella pneumoniae с высокой чувствительностью к поливалентному бактериофагу - всего лишь 6,81%. Исследуемые спиртосодержащие антисептики для обработки рук в 50% исследований оказались неэффективными в разведении 1:16. Абсолютно устойчивых штаммов Klebsiella pneumoniae к дезинфицирующим средствам выявлено не было. Выявлены клетки персисторы, формирующие дормантные формы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Госпитальная популяция Klebsiella pneumoniae характеризовалась преимущественной циркуляцией клональной линии А, с продукцией Р-лактамаз расширенного спектра у трети штаммов, резистентностью к ампициллину у подавляющего числа изолятов, резистентностью к бактериофагу и способностью формировать дормантные формы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To determine the prevalence of resistant and dormant forms of Klebsiella pneumoniae in pediatric patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in the Regional Pediatric Clinical Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (n = 485) was studied by the disk diffusion test and using serial dilutions to identify minimum inhibitory concentration (Vitek 2 Compact). RAPD-typing of 34 Klebsiella pneumoniae was performed using the Total Lab program. In addition, we studied susceptibility of 42 and 76 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains to antiseptics and disinfectants, respectively. Sensitivity of 24 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains to 4 series of bacteriophages was measured using the Appelman method. Persistence of 39 of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates was carried out by Kaldalu method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Klebsiella pneumoniae was most frequently found in the intestines (826.41 per 1000 patients, 95% Cl = 80.24-84.80) and the throat (33.96 per 1000, 95% Cl = 2.38-4.56). Colonization of multiple loci was identified in 18.22 per 1000 patients (95% Cl = 4.42-7.22). The dominant circulation of clonal line A was established. The vast majority of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (92.76%) were ampicillin-resistant. The minimal proportion of resistant strains was found for carbapenems, being 3.41% for imipenem and 4.25% for meropenem. One third of the strains (31.22%) were resistant to amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid, and 34.90% of the strains produced extended-spectrum P-lactamase. The share of resistant strains to third-generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime and ceftazidime) was 29.11% and 28.32%, respectively. For cefoperazone-sulbactam, resistant strains were found in 9.43%. Proportion of the strains resistant to aminoglycosides was 14.35% to netilmicin, 15.06% to amikacin, and 20.71% to gentamicin. The proportion of Klebsiella pneumoniae with high sensitivity to polyvalent bacteriophage was only 6.81%. Studied alcohol-based hand antiseptics were not effective at a 1:16 dilution in half of the experiments. Certain strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were absolutely resistant to disinfectant, and persistent microorganisms forming dormant forms were also revealed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The hospital population of Klebsiella pneumoniae was characterized by the predominant circulation of clonal line A which exhibited production of a wide ^-lactamase spectrum, demonstrated ampicillin and bacteriophage resistance, and frequently evolved into dormant forms.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>клональная структура</kwd><kwd>клетки-персисторы</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>антимикробные средства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>clonal structure</kwd><kwd>persistors</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial agents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sui W, Zhou H, Du P, Wang L, Qin T, Wang M, et al. Whole genome sequence revealed the fine transmission map of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia isolates within a nosocomial outbreak. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018; 7: 70. doi: 10.1186/sl3756-018-0363-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sui W, Zhou H, Du P, Wang L, Qin T, Wang M, et al. Whole genome sequence revealed the fine transmission map of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia isolates within a nosocomial outbreak. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018; 7: 70. doi: 10.1186/sl3756-018-0363-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao B, Li X, Yang F, Chen W, Zhao Y, Bai G, et al. Molecular epidemiology and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia infection caused by carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. Front Pharmacol. 10: 262. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao B, Li X, Yang F, Chen W, Zhao Y, Bai G, et al. Molecular epidemiology and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia infection caused by carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. Front Pharmacol. 10: 262. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Apondi OE, Oduor OC, Gye BK, Kipkoech MK. High prevalence of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary teaching hospital in Western Kenya. Afr J Infect Dis. 2016; 10 (2): 89-95. doi: 10.21010/ajid.vl0i2.3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Apondi OE, Oduor OC, Gye BK, Kipkoech MK. High prevalence of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary teaching hospital in Western Kenya. Afr J Infect Dis. 2016; 10 (2): 89-95. doi: 10.21010/ajid.vl0i2.3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arena F, Henrici De Angelis L, D'Andrea MM, Cannatelli A, Fossati L, Di Pilato V, et al. Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with hypermucoviscous phenotype: A case report and literature review. Virulence. 2017; 8 (8): 1900-1908. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1286439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arena F, Henrici De Angelis L, D'Andrea MM, Cannatelli A, Fossati L, Di Pilato V, et al. Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with hypermucoviscous phenotype: A case report and literature review. Virulence. 2017; 8 (8): 1900-1908. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1286439.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Zhang X. Survival of bactericidal antibiotic treatment by tolerant persister cells of Klebsiella pneumonia. J Med Microb. 2018; 67 (3): 273-281. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000680.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Zhang X. Survival of bactericidal antibiotic treatment by tolerant persister cells of Klebsiella pneumonia. J Med Microb. 2018; 67 (3): 273-281. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000680.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salisbury AM, Woo K, Sarkar S, Schultz G, Malone M, Mayer DO, et al. Tolerance of Biofilms to Antimicrobials and Significance to Antibiotic Resistance in Wounds. Surg Technol Int. 2018; 33: 59-66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salisbury AM, Woo K, Sarkar S, Schultz G, Malone M, Mayer DO, et al. Tolerance of Biofilms to Antimicrobials and Significance to Antibiotic Resistance in Wounds. Surg Technol Int. 2018; 33: 59-66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marcus V, Niza B, Takita M, De Souza AA. The MqsRA toxin-antitoxin system from xylella fastidiosa plays a key role in bacterial fitness, pathogenicity, and persister cell formation. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7: 904. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00904.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marcus V, Niza B, Takita M, De Souza AA. The MqsRA toxin-antitoxin system from xylella fastidiosa plays a key role in bacterial fitness, pathogenicity, and persister cell formation. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7: 904. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00904.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fasani RA, Savageau MA. Molecular mechanisms of multiple toxin-antitoxin systems are coordinated to govern the persister phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci US A. 2013; 110(27): E2528-37. doi: 10.1073/pnas.l301023110.2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fasani RA, Savageau MA. Molecular mechanisms of multiple toxin-antitoxin systems are coordinated to govern the persister phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci US A. 2013; 110(27): E2528-37. doi: 10.1073/pnas.l301023110.2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michiels JE, Van den Bergh B, Verstraeten N, Fauvart M, Michiels J. In vitro emergence of high persistence upon periodic aminoglycoside challenge in the ESKAPE pathogens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016; 60 (8): 4630-4637. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00757-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michiels JE, Van den Bergh B, Verstraeten N, Fauvart M, Michiels J. In vitro emergence of high persistence upon periodic aminoglycoside challenge in the ESKAPE pathogens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016; 60 (8): 4630-4637. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00757-16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaldalu N, Joers A, Ingelman H, Tenson T. A general method for measuring persister levels in Escherichia coli cultures. Methods Mol Biol. 2016; 1333: 29-42. doi:10.1007/978-l-4939-2854-5_3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaldalu N, Joers A, Ingelman H, Tenson T. A general method for measuring persister levels in Escherichia coli cultures. Methods Mol Biol. 2016; 1333: 29-42. doi:10.1007/978-l-4939-2854-5_3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
