fcmedicineФундаментальная и клиническая медицинаFundamental and Clinical Medicine2500-07642542-0941КемГМУfcmedicine-32Research ArticleСтатьиГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ПОЛОВОЙ САМОИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ И ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ ГЕНДЕРНОЙ ДИСФОРИИGENETIC BASIS OF GENDER DYSPHORIAПрилепаС.А.PrilepaSVETLANA A.noemail@neicon.ruМедведеваЕ. В.MedvedevaELENA V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО «Тульский государственный университет»РоссияMedical Institute, Tula State UniversityRussian Federation201730032017217583Copyright © Прилепа С.A., Медведева Е.В., 20172017Прилепа С., Медведева Е.В.Prilepa S.A., Medvedeva E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/32

Осведомленность о феномене половой дисфории возросла в 1950-х годах, когда медицинские специалисты начали оказывать помощь по облегчению половой дисфории, поддерживая изменения первичных и вторичных половых признаков посредством гормональной терапии и хирургической коррекции. В настоящем обзоре представлены современные данные о становлении половой самоидентификации и о возможных причинах развития гендерной дисфории. Возникновение гендерной дисфории рассмотрено через призму генетических причин становления половой самоидентификации. Приведена современная теория модели возникновения нарушений становления половой самоидентификации, составлен систематический обзор последних исследований ведущих авторов по тематике гендерной дисфории. Рассмотрена проблема наследования гендерной дисфории. Показаны вероятные пути будущих исследований проблемы половой самоидентификации человека - исследования эпигенетики, изучение распространённости генов (включая однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы, особенности метилирования), которые встречаются у лиц с гендерной дисфорией. Будущие исследования в этой области помогут в понимании феномена гендерной дисфории и становления половой самоидентификации в целом.

A phenomenon of gender dysphoria has been actively investigated from 1950s when clinicians became able to treat gender dysphoria utilizing hormone therapy and surgery. Here we review the recent data on development and genetic basis of gender dysphoria. Future epidemiological, genome-wide association and epigenetic studies are needed for improving our understanding of gender dysphoria development.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.