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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2021-6-1-27-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы, способствовавшие неблагоприятному исходу при преэклампсии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors of maternal death in preeclampsia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6532-5760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабажанова</surname><given-names>Ш. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babazhanova</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабажанова Шахида Дадажановна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая акушерским отделением №1</p><p>100164, г. Ташкент, Юнусабадский район, ул. Дж. Абидовой, д. 223</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shahida D. Babazhanova, Dr., MD, PhD, Head of Obstetrics Department № 1</p><p>223, J. Abidovoy Street, Tashkent, 100164</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shohida_bd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7232-4982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любчич</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubchich</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любчич Аделина Семеновна, кандидат медицинских наук, директор</p><p>100164, г. Ташкент, Юнусабадский район, ул. Дж. Абидовой, д. 223</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Adelina S. Lyubchich, Dr., MD, PhD, Chief Executive Officer</p><p>223, J. Abidovoy Street, Tashkent, 100164</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3456-2381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джаббарова</surname><given-names>Ю. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jabbarova</surname><given-names>Yu. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джаббарова Юлдуз Касымовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, научный консультант</p><p>100164, г. Ташкент, Юнусабадский район, ул. Дж. Абидовой, д. 223</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulduz K. Jabbarova, Dr., MD, Dsc, Professor, Science Advisor</p><p>223, J. Abidovoy Street, Tashkent, 100164</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский перинатальный центр Министерства здравоохранения Республики Узбекистан</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Perinatal Centre</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бабажанова Ш.Д., Любчич А.С., Джаббарова Ю.К., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бабажанова Ш.Д., Любчич А.С., Джаббарова Ю.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Babazhanova S.D., Lyubchich A.S., Jabbarova Y.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/369">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/369</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определение факторов, способствовавших материнской смерти при преэклампсии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное когортное конфиденциальное исследование 149 случаев материнской смертности от преэклампсии за 2013−2017 гг. Были проанализированы истории родов, истории болезни, карты индивидуального наблюдения за беременной женщиной, амбулаторные карты женщин, опросные анкеты медицинских работников и родственников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В структуре причин материнской смертности за 5 лет (2013−2017 гг.) преэклампсия составила 24,1%. Причиной смерти у женщин с преэклампсией были отек легких – у 22,2%, острая почечная недостаточность − у 22,1%, церебральные осложнения – у 28,6%, печеночная недостаточность (острый жировой гепатоз беременных (ОЖГБ)/HELLP-синдром) – у 30,2% женщин. Большинство беременных поступили в критическом состоянии: 45(30,2%) беременных поступили с ОЖГБ/HELLP, после приступа эклампсии дома – 25(16,8%) беременных, с выраженной гипертензией − 114(76,5%) беременных. У большинства умерших от преэклампсии были преждевременные роды – 86(57,7%). По методу родоразрешения большинство женщин (117(78,5%)) родоразрешены путем кесарева сечения. Риск материнской смерти у женщин с преэклампсией при родоразрешении путем кесарева сечения в 30 раз выше (OR 30,028, 95% ДИ [15.277-59.022]), чем после вагинальных родов. Существенное влияние на неблагоприятный исход у женщин с преэклампсией имели запоздалая госпитализация в тяжелом состоянии (66%), ненадлежащий антенатальный уход (64,4%), нерациональная регионализация и маршрутизация беременных (31,6%), недооценка состояния больной (42,3%), недостаточный мониторинг во время беременности, родов и после родов (48,8%), недостаточная мультидисциплинарная командная работа медицинского персонала (42,2%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Недостаточные знания беременной и ее семьей симптомов преэклампсии, недостаточный мониторинг артериального давления (АД) у беременных, недоучет органных дисфункций при диагностике преэклампсии, позднее поступление в стационар, запоздалое родоразрешение, недостаточная антигипертензивная терапия и родоразрешение без предварительного снижения АД до безопасных цифр, недостаточная мультидисциплинарная командная работа медицинского персонала повышают риск материнской смертности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To determine the factors contributing to maternal death due to preeclampsia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. We performed a retrospective study of 149 maternal deaths from preeclampsia during 2013-2017, which included the analysis of birth histories, medical records, individual observation cards, outpatient records, and questionnaires of healthcare workers and relatives.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Preeclampsia was responsible for 24.1% of maternal deaths over 5 years (2013-2017). The causes of death in women with preeclampsia were: pulmonary oedema (33/149, 22.2% cases), acute renal failure (33/149, 22.2%), cerebral complications (43/149, 28.6%), and hepatic impairment (acute fatty liver of pregnancy or HELLP syndrome, 45/149, 30.2%). The majority of pregnant women admitted in critical condition because of acute fatty liver of pregnancy or HELLP syndrome (45/149, 30.2%), eclampsia at home (25/149, 16.8%), or severe hypertension (114/149, 76.5%). The majority of those who died from preeclampsia had premature births (86/149, 57.7%) and delivered by caesarean section (117, 78.5%), yet the latter was associated with a higher risk of maternal death in case of preeclampsia (OR = 30.028. 95% CI = 15.277-59.022) as compared with vaginal delivery. Risk factors of the maternal death in preeclampsia included late hospitalization (66% of deaths), inadequate antenatal care (64.4%), incorrect route of examination and hospitalization (31.6%), underestimation of the patient's condition (42.3 %), insufficient monitoring during pregnancy, childbirth and post childbirth (48.8%), and insufficient teamwork of medical staff (42.2%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Insufficient knowledge of preeclampsia symptoms by pregnant women and their families, insufficient monitoring of blood pressure, underestimation of organ dysfunction, late hospital admission, late delivery, insufficient antihypertensive therapy, delivery at elevated blood pressure, and insufficient teamwork of healthcare professionals increase the risk of maternal mortality in the patients with preeclampsia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преэклампсия</kwd><kwd>материнская смертность</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>конфиденциальное исследование случаев материнской смертности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preeclampsia</kwd><kwd>maternal mortality</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>caesarean section</kwd><kwd>maternal deaths</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller AB, Daniels J, Gülmezoglu AM, Temmerman M, Alkema L. 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