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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2021-6-4-54-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-467</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиология серотипов Streptococcus pneumoniae у детей на фоне универсальной вакцинопрофилактики пневмококковой инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in children before and after pneumococcal vaccination</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6521-8615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Протасова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Protasova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Протасова Ирина Николаевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии имени доцента Б. М. Зельмановича</p><p>660022, г. Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Protasova, Dr. MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology</p><p>1, Partizana Zheleznyaka Street, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovsyanka802@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-7875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоренко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сидоренко Сергей Владимирович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом медицинской микробиологии и молекулярной эпидемиологии</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Sidorenko, Prof. MD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Molecular Epidemiology</p><p>9, Professora Popova Street, St. Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4398-5703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фельдблюм</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Feldblum</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фельдблюм Ирина Викторовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии и гигиены</p><p>614990, г. Пермь, ул. Петропавловская, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Feldblum, Prof. MD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene</p><p>26, Petropavlovskaya Street, Perm, 614990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2868-1509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахарева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhareva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахарева Наталья Васильевна, врач-эпидемиолог Красноярского краевого Центра профилактики и борьбы со СПИД; главный внештатный специалист-эпидемиолог министерства здравоохранения Красноярского края</p><p>660049, г. Красноярск, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 45, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Bakhareva, Dr. MD, Epidemiologist,; Expert, Ministry of Public Health of Krasnoyarsk Region</p><p>45/1, Karl Marx Street, Krasnoyarsk, 660049</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е. А. Вагнера» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГАУЗ «Красноярский краевой Центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИД»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnoyarsk Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Протасова И.Н., Сидоренко С.В., Фельдблюм И.В., Бахарева Н.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Протасова И.Н., Сидоренко С.В., Фельдблюм И.В., Бахарева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Protasova I.N., Sidorenko S.V., Feldblum I.V., Bakhareva N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/467">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/467</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение влияния специфической профилактики пневмококковой инфекции на эпидемиологию серотипов Streptococcus pneumoniae.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. За 2011−2019 гг. проведено обследование на носительство Streptococcus pneumoniae 1852 здоровых детей, из них 1354 – в возрасте до 5 лет и 498 – в возрасте от 6 до 17 лет. До начала массовой иммунизации (2011−2014 гг.) было обследовано 539 человек, на фоне иммунизации (2015−2019 гг.) – 1313 человек. Выделенные культуры пневмококка подвергались серотипированию с помощью мультиплексной ПЦР.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Структура серотипов Streptococcus pneumoniae у детей до 5 лет и детей 6−17 лет различалась. В младшей возрастной группе преобладали серотипы 23F, 19F, 19A, 6AB, 15BC. В группе детей 6−7 лет, наряду с пневмококками 19F, 6AB и 6CD, часто встречались серотипы с выраженной капсулой – 3 и 33AF/37, относящиеся к 9-й серогруппе (9AV и 9LN), a также «нетипируемые» штаммы. На фоне вакцинопрофилактики произошло существенное снижение доли носительства Streptococcus pneumoniae среди детей в возрасте до 5 лет – с 41,5 до 19,2%. Среди старших детей носительство также несколько уменьшилось (с 13,5 до 9%). На фоне иммунизации наблюдалось изменение структуры серотипов популяции пневмококков, более выраженное среди детей до 5 лет: снижение частоты встречаемости «вакцинных» серотипов и увеличение доли «невакцинных». Установлено уменьшение распространенности пневмококков 23F и 19A при одновременном увеличении доли 11AD и появлении серотипов, не встречавшихся ранее: 8, 10A, 17F, 22F, 24ABF, 34, 39 и других.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Массовая иммунизация детей раннего возраста обусловила снижение уровня носительства Streptococcus pneumoniae среди привитых и не привитых детей и существенно изменила структуру серотипов циркулирующих штаммов пневмококка. Установленный эффект «замещения серотипов» диктует необходимость совершенствования микробиологического мониторинга Streptococcus pneumonia в системе эпидемиологического надзора за пневмококковой инфекцией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To investigate how the pneumococcal vaccination affects the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. In 2011-2019, 1,852 healthy children (1,354 aged ≤ 5 years and 480 aged from 6 to 17 years) were examined for the nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage. Of them, 539 children were tested before the start of pneumococcal vaccination (2011-2014), while 1,313 were tested during the vaccine campaign (2015-2019). Pneumococcal strains were serotyped using multiplex polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution considerably differed between children ≤ 5 and 6-17 years of age. Serotypes 23F, 19F, 19A, 6AB, and 15BC were prevalent in children ≤ 5 years of age while the older children were characterised by a high prevalence of capsular serotypes (3 and 33AF/37), serogroup 9 (9AV and 9LN), non-typeable streptococci, as well as 19F, 6AB and 6CD serotypes. Vaccination was associated with a significantly decreased prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage (from 41.5% to 19.2%) among children ≤ 5 years of age, while this reduction was less pronounced (from 13.5 to 9.0%) in older children. Vaccination led to the shift in the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes towards an increased prevalence of non-vaccine serotypes that was particularly prominent in children ≤ 5 years of age. In particular, vaccination reduced the prevalence of 23F and 19A pneumococcal serotypes but heightened prevalence of 11AD serotype and to the appearance of previously undetected serotypes such as 8, 10A, 17F, 22F, 24ABF, 34, and 39.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Pneumococcal vaccination decreased prevalence of pneumococcal carriage, yet causing a serotype replacement effect requiring improved microbiological monitoring in children of all age groups.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневмококк</kwd><kwd>носительство</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>серотипы</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Streptococcus pneumonia</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal carriage</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal serotypes</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal vaccination</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование проведенных исследований осуществлялось частично из следующих источников: − Государственное задание МЗ РФ «Молекулярно-генетические основы антибиотикорезистентности и патогенности актуальных нозокомиальных и внебольничных возбудителей гнойно-воспалительных заболеваний» (2015−2018 гг.), регистрационный номер НИОКТР 117060810032-3; − многоцентровое проспективное исследование особенностей пневмококковой инфекции в Российской Федерации (программа SAPIENs), 2016−2018 гг. Пожертвователь на исследование – Благотворительный фонд Ростроповича−Вишневской «Во имя здоровья и будущего детей»; − финансирование исследований также частично осуществлялось за счет внебюджетных средств ФГБОУ ВО КрасГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого Минздрава РФ и за счет личных средств авторов.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was financially supported by: Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (State Task “Molecular genetic basis of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity of actual nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens of pyoinflammatory diseases” (2015-2018)), R&amp;D registration number 117060810032-3. 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