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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2022-7-1-31-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-512</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ факторов, ассоциированных с поздней диагностикой ВИЧ-инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors associated with late HIV diagnosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-2576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хасанова Гульшат Рашатовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины; врач-инфекционист</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49; </p><p>420061, г. Казань, ул. Николая Ершова, д. 65</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulshat R. Khasanova, MD, DSc, Professor, Head of theDepartment of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine; Infectious Disease Specialist</p><p>49, Butlerova Street, Kazan, 420012;</p><p>65, Nikolaya Yershova Street, Kazan, 420061</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-6911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аглиуллина</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agliullina</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аглиуллина Саида Тахировна, кандидат медицинских наук, профессор, старший преподаватель кафедры эпидемиологии и доказательной медицины</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saida T. Agliullina, MD, PhD, Professor, Senior Lecturer, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine</p><p>49, Butlerova Street, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saida.agliullina@kazangmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0257-8466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гильмутдинова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilmutdinova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гильмутдинова Гулия Ринатовна, врач-эпидемиолог</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guliya R. Gilmutdinova, MD, Epidemiologist</p><p>49, Butlerova Street, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-6712</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагимова</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagimova</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагимова Фирая Идиятулловна, кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части</p><p>420061, г. Казань, ул. Николая Ершова, д. 65</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Firaya I. Nagimova, MD, PhD, Deputy Chief Physician</p><p>65, Nikolaya Yershova Street, Kazan, 420061</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ГАУЗ «Республиканский центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University; Tatarstan Republican Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Республике Татарстан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Hygiene and Epidemiology Center in Tatarstan Republic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Республиканский центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tatarstan Republican Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хасанова Г.Р., Аглиуллина С.Т., Гильмутдинова Г.Р., Нагимова Ф.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хасанова Г.Р., Аглиуллина С.Т., Гильмутдинова Г.Р., Нагимова Ф.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khasanova G.R., Agliullina S.T., Gilmutdinova G.R., Nagimova F.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/512">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/512</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить частоту поздней диагностики ВИЧ-инфекции среди впервые выявленных случаев в 2019 г. и определить ассоциированные с ней факторы (по данным Республики Татарстан).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использовались данные 1073 пациентов старше 18 лет, проживающих в Республике Татарстан, у которых в 2019 г. была выявлена ВИЧ-инфекция. Определена доля пациентов с поздней диагностикой ВИЧ-инфекции. Критериями поздней диагностики считались уровень CD4+ лимфоцитов менее 200 клеток/мм3 и/или выявление у пациента 4-й стадии заболевания на момент постановки диагноза. Оценка влияния вероятных факторов на своевременность диагностики проведена при помощи бинарной логистической регрессии. В регрессионную модель вошли данные 958 человек, у которых удалось оценить своевременность диагностики. По результатам многофакторного анализа рассчитаны скорректированные показатели отношения шансов (сОШ) и их 95% доверительные интервалы (95% ДИ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Поздняя диагностика ВИЧ-инфекции отмечена в 37,7% случаев выявления ВИЧ-инфекции. Обследование по клиническим показаниям было ассоциировано с поздней диагностикой в сравнении с обследованием с профилактической целью (сОШ 2,060; 95% ДИ [1,405–3,019]). Возраст 50 лет и старше был ассоциирован с поздней диагностикой в сравнении с лицами 30−49 лет (сОШ 2,182; 95% ДИ [1,412–3,370]). Шансы поздней диагностики в возрасте до 30 лет в 2,2 раза ниже, чем в группе 30−49 лет (сОШ 0,445; 95% [ДИ 0,294–0,676]). Проживание в городе было ассоциировано с поздней диагностикой (сОШ 1,470; 95% ДИ [1,002–2,153]) в сравнении с проживанием в сельской местности.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Факторами, связанными с поздней диагностикой ВИЧ-инфекции, явились: обследование по клиническим показаниям в сравнении с обследованием с профилактической целью, возраст 50 лет и старше в сравнении с лицами 30−49 лет, проживание в городе в сравнении с проживанием в сельской местности. Для сдерживания эпидемии ВИЧ-инфекции необходимо повышение охвата скрининговым тестированием всех групп населения, в особенности лиц старшей возрастной группы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the frequency of late HIV diagnosis among newly diagnosed HIV cases in 2019 and to determine associated risk factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study included data from 1073 adult patients who lived in the Tatarstan Republic and were first diagnosed with HIV infection in 2019. Criteria for late HIV diagnosis were the presence of stage 4 HIV-infection (AIDS) and/or &lt; 200 CD4+ cells per mm3 at the time of diagnosis. The influence of various factors on the timeliness of diagnosis was carried out using binary logistic regression and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Late diagnosis was documented in 37.7% of HIV infection cases. Clinical examination was associated with late diagnosis in comparison with a preventive examination (aOR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.40–3.02). The age of ≥ 50 years was associated with late diagnosis in comparison with 30−49 years age range (aOR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.41–3.37). Vice versa, the age of &lt; 30 years was associated with timely diagnosis as compared to 30−49 years age range (aOR 0.44; 95% CI = 0.30–0.68). Living in urban areas has been associated with late HIV diagnosis (aOR = 1.470; 95% CI = 1.002–2.153) in comparison with living in rural areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The factors associated with the late HIV diagnosis were examination for clinical indications, age ≥ 50 years, and living in urban areas. For curbing the HIV epidemic, it is necessary to expand the HIV screening to all population groups, especially elderly.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>отсроченная диагностика</kwd><kwd>поздняя диагностика</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>delayed diagnosis</kwd><kwd>late diagnosis</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global HIV &amp; AIDS statistics — Fact sheet. 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