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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2022-7-4-100-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-609</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные аспекты создания in vitro клеточнозаселенных сосудистых протезов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of pre-seeded tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-9244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ханова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khanova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ханова Марьям Юрисовна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных технологий</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, б-р Сосновый, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ms. Mariam Yu. Khanova, MSc, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Experimental Medicine</p><p>6, Sosnovy Boulevard, Kemerovo, 650002</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khanovam@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8874-0788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антонова Лариса Валерьевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией клеточных технологий</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, б-р Сосновый, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Larisa V. Antonova, MD, DSc, Head of the Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Experimental Medicine</p><p>6, Sosnovy Boulevard, Kemerovo, 650002</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ханова М.Ю., Антонова Л.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ханова М.Ю., Антонова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khanova M.Y., Antonova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/609">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/609</self-uri><abstract><p>Традиционная сосудистая хирургия основывается на реконструкции окклюзированных сосудов с использованием аутологичных трансплантатов. Отсутствие донорских сосудов у определенной когорты пациентов делает разработку тканеинженерных сосудистых протезов малого диаметра весьма перспективным направлением. Решением может стать разработка сосудистых протезов из биодеградируемых полимеров с заданной скоростью деградации и, как следствие, возможностью запрограммированного адаптивного роста протеза. Такой полимерный каркас выполняет функцию направляющей матрицы для организации новообразованных тканей пациента с постепенным полным ремоделированием протеза. Его замещение новообразованной сосудистой тканью позволит рассчитывать на то, что оперативное вмешательство будет выполнено единожды с последующим полным восстановлением структуры собственного органа. Вместе с тем эффективная эндотелиализация является важным аспектом проходимости сосудистых протезов диаметром менее 5 мм в условиях низкой скорости кровотока в протезируемом сосуде. В данном обзоре описаны два подхода к стимулированию эндотелизации: первый основан на биофункционализации поверхности различными молекулами клеточной адгезии и использовании внутренней среды организма в качестве биореактора. Такой подход может эффективно ускорить селективное привлечение эндотелиальных клеток. В основу второго подхода легла идея создания сосудистого протеза с готовой к моменту имплантации эндотелиальной выстилкой, сформированной in vitro. Разработка клеточнозаселенных сосудистых протезов базируется на трех основных этапах: выборе полимера для изготовления 3D матрикса, получении культуры эндотелиальных клеток, модулировании механических стимулов. Помимо заселения внутренней поверхности протезов клетками необходимо адаптировать их к потоку, что сможет предотвратить частичное смывание эндотелиальных клеток после имплантации. Как правило, для оптимизации адгезии проводят модификацию поверхности белками внеклеточного матрикса. Эффективная адгезия также достигается посредством адаптации клеток к внешнему локальному стрессу посредством имитации условий естественного кровотока. Поэтому при моделировании биомеханических стимулов часто используется показатели нижней границы физиологической нормы напряжения сдвига. Устойчивые механические стимулы адаптируют эндотелиальные клетки к потоку, а в случае использования прогениторных клеток – способствуют дифференцировке к зрелому фенотипу.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Current vascular surgery employs reconstruction of occluded blood vessels using autologous grafts. As a considerable proportion of patients lack healthy autologous vessels to be used as the grafts, the development of tissue-engineered, small-diameter vascular grafts has significant clinical relevance. Biodegradable vascular grafts, which have a defined degradation rate upon the implantation, provide an opportunity for the controlled vascular regeneration. Such polymer framework acts as a guiding matrix for organising the patient's newly formed tissues to ensure consistent and complete vessel remodeling. The crucial aspect of tissue-engineered vascular graft regeneration is endothelialisation, as non-endothelialised blood vessels suffer from the thrombosis if having &lt; 5 mm diameter because of low blood flow. This review describes two approaches to stimulate endothelialization. The first is the biofunctionalization of the luminal surface with the bioactive peptides with the following in situ implantation. Using the body as a bioreactor, this approach relies on the selective recruitment of endothelial cells. The second approach includes in vitro pre-seeding of a luminal surface with an endothelial cell monolayer. The development of such pre-seeded vascular grafts requires the choice of an appropriate polymer for the manufacture of a 3D matrix, isolation of endothelial cell culture, and tuning of mechanical stimuli to control the cell specification during the pre-seeding. In addition to the pre-seeding of endothelial cells on the luminal surface, it is necessary to adapt them to the flow to prevent shedding or incorrect orientation. Cell adhesion can be enhanced by the attachment of extracellular matrix proteins to the luminal surface or by mimicking natural blood flow conditions. Sustained mechanical stimuli facilitate the adaptation of endothelial cells to the flow and contribute to the maturation of endothelial progenitor cells.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тканевая сосудистая инженерия</kwd><kwd>эндотелизация</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальные клетки</kwd><kwd>механические стимулы</kwd><kwd>напряжение сдвига</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vascular tissue engineering</kwd><kwd>endothelialization</kwd><kwd>mechanotransduction</kwd><kwd>endothelial cells</kwd><kwd>shear stress</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, de Ferranti S, Després JP, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Liu S, Mackey RH, Matchar DB, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Willey JZ, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB. 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