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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2023-8-2-93-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-719</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предикторы риска развития ишемических и геморрагических осложнений у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда в течение 18 месяцев наблюдения (по данным одноцентрового регистрового исследования)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Predictors of ischemic and hemorrhagic complications in patients with myocardial infarction at 18-month follow-up: a single-center registry study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-616X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашталап</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashtalap</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кашталап Василий Васильевич, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделом клинической кардиологии</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Vasiliy V. Kashtalap, MD, DSc, Head of the Department of Clinical Cardiology</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2848-6810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Велиева</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Velieva</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Велиева Руфана Мамед кызы, врач-кардиолог</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Rufana M. Velieva, MD, Cardiologist</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7058-2008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Cедых</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedykh</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Седых Дарья Юрьевна, кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии кровообращения отдела клинической кардиологии, врач-кардиолог</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Daria Yu. Sedykh, MD, PhD, Research Fellow, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Cardiologist</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">md-sedih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барбараш Ольга Леонидовна, доктор медицинских наук, академик РАН, директор</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Olga L. Barbarash, MD, DSc, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Executive Officer</p><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кашталап В.В., Велиева Р.М., Cедых Д.Ю., Барбараш О.Л., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кашталап В.В., Велиева Р.М., Cедых Д.Ю., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kashtalap V.V., Velieva R.M., Sedykh D.Y., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/719">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/719</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Выделить независимые предикторы развития за 18 месяцев наблюдения ишемических и геморрагических событий у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда (ИМ), входящих в регистровое исследование.Материал и методы. Одноцентровое исследование с последовательным включением 478 человек в острый период ИМ. Критерии исключения: пациенты до 18 лет; ИМ как осложнение реваскуляризации миокарда; ранее диагностированная фибрилляция предсердий; ИМ на фоне амбулаторного приема антикоагулянтной терапии. В стационаре рассчитаны риски по шкалам GRACE, CRUSADE, PRECISE-DAPT. Через 18 месяцев оценены частоты возникших ишемических (смерти, нефатальные ИМ, острые нарушения мозгового кровообращения (ОНМК), нестабильные стенокардии, повторные реваскуляризации плановые и/или экстренные, а также другие) и геморрагических (большие и малые кровотечения) событий на различных этапах лечения, проанализирован объём получаемой терапии. Далее верифицировались независимые предикторы геморрагических и ишемических осложнений ИМ за 18 месяцев.Результаты. Установлено, что в течение 18 месяцев с момента ИМ у пациентов регистрировались высокие риски возникновения ишемических конечных точек (32% смерти, 18,5%, повторных реваскуляризаций миокарда, 16,3% повторных ИМ, 13,8% нестабильных стенокардии, 3,6% ОНМК) и геморрагических событий (частота любых кровотечений – 39,7%), максимум которых приходится на 1 год от индексного ИМ. Двойная антитромбоцитарная терапия (ДАТТ) при выписке назначена 86,5% пациентам, к 6 месяцу её приём составил 66,7%, через 12 месяцев - 60,6%, к 18 месяцу ДАТТ принимали только лица с повторными ишемическими событиями (17,4%). В качестве независимых предикторов ишемических событий в течение 18 месяцев постинфарктного периода верифицированы: расчётные баллы по шкале PRECISE-DAPT относительный риск (ОР) 1,108 (95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,054-1,164; р&lt;0,001), расчётные баллы по шкале GRACE ОР 1,032 (95% ДИ 1,016-1,048; р&lt;0,001), госпитальное снижение сократительной способности миокарда левого желудочка (ЛЖ) менее 40% ОР 4,256 (95% ДИ 1,510-12,001; р=0,006). Предикторами для геморрагических осложнений в течение 18 месяцев стали расчётные баллы шкалы PRECISE-DAPT ОР 1,025 (95% ДИ 1,009-1,041; р=0,002), анамнез заболевания периферических артерий (ЗПА) ОР 2,459 (95% ДИ 1,365-4,428; р=0,003), приём препаратов сульфонилмочевины при сахарном диабете ОР 2,523 (95% ДИ 1,266-5,028; р=0,009), консервативное лечение при ИМ или неуспешная процедура чрескожного коронарного вмешательства (ЧКВ) ОР 3,792 (95% ДИ1,799-7,996; р&lt;0,001).Заключение. Расчётные баллы шкал PRECISE-DAPT и GRACE, снижение значений фракции выброса ЛЖ ниже 40% при госпитализации с ИМ являются независимыми предикторами возникновения ишемических событий на протяжении последующих 18 месяцев. Набранная сумма баллов по шкале PRECISE-DAPT &gt; 33,8, наличие ЗПА в анамнезе, приём препаратов сульфонилмочевины, отсутствие эндоваскулярной реваскуляризации на госпитальном этапе ИМ или консервативное ведение пациентов - предикторы, определяющие риски 18-месячных геморрагических осложнений постинфарктного периода.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To identify predictors of ischemic and hemorrhagic events in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) after 18 months of follow-up.Material and Methods. The single-center prospective study included 478 patients with MI. The exclusion criteria were as follows: age &lt; 18 years; MI as a complication of myocardial revascularization; atrial fibrillation; intake of anticoagulants after MI. During inpatient treatment, the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic events was calculated according to the PRECISE-DAPT score, GRACE hospital discharge risk score, CRUSADE bleeding score. After 18 months, we evaluated the rate of ischemic (cardiovascular death, unstable angina, life-threatening arrhythmia, non-fatal MI and stroke, acute decompensated heart failure, elective repeated and/ or emergency revascularization) and haemorrhagic events and the amount of corresponding therapy.Results. At 18 months post-MI, patients were at high risk of developing both ischemic events (cardiovascular death: 32.0%; recurrent MI: 16.3%; repeated myocardial revascularization: 18.5%; unstable angina: 13.8%; stroke: 3.6%) and hemorrhagic events (bleeding rate of 39.7% according to the TIMI score), most of which occurred during the first 12 months post-MI. Double antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was prescribed to 86.5% patients upon discharge (including a triple antithrombotic therapy in 8.6% patients). Patient adherence to treatment was 66.7% and 60.6% at 6 and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. After 18 months, DAPT was prescribed exclusively to patients suffered from recurrent ischemic events or those who underwent repeated myocardial revascularization (17.4% patients in total). The main reason to cancel DAPT was bleeding, although it was minor in most cases. Predictors of ischemic events (fatal and non-fatal) at 18 months of follow-up were PRECISE- DAPT score (odds ratio (OR) = 1.108, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.054-1.164, р &lt; 0.001), GRACE score (OR = 1.032, 95% CI = 1.016-1.048, р &lt; 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt; 40% (OR = 4.256, 95% CI = 1.510-12.001, р = 0.006). Predictors of hemorrhagic events at 18-month follow-up were PRECISE-DAPT score (OR = 1.025, 95% CI = 1.009-1.041, р = 0.002), peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR = 2.459, 95% CI = 1.365-4.428, р = 0.003), intake of sulfonylurea for diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.523, 95% CI = 1.266-5.028; р = 0.009), unsuccessful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or conservative treatment of MI (OR = 3.792, 95% CI = 1.799-7.996, р &lt; 0.001).Conclusion. Predictors of ischemic events (fatal and non-fatal) in the long-term period after MI include PRECISE-DAPT and GRACE scores, and LVEF below 40%. Predictors of hemorrhagic events at 18-month follow-up were PRECISE- DAPT scores, PAD, taking sulfonylurea for diabetes mellitus, unsuccessful PCI or conservative treatment of MI.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>двойная антитромбоцитарная терапия</kwd><kwd>ишемический риск</kwd><kwd>кровотечения</kwd><kwd>шкалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>dual antiplatelet therapy</kwd><kwd>ischemic risk</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd><kwd>scores</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена по фундаментальной теме НИИ КПССЗ «Разработка инновационных моделей управления риском развития болезней системы кровообращения с учетом коморбидности на основе изучения фундаментальных, клинических, эпидемиологических механизмов и организационных технологий медицинской помощи в условиях промышленного региона Сибири (0419-2022-0002)».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the Complex Program of Basic Research under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the Basic Research Topic of Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases № 0419-2022-0002 “Development of innovative models for management of cardiovascular disease risk factors and comorbid conditions”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Округин С.А., Репин А.Н. 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