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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2023-8-2-120-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-721</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гестационный сахарный диабет и гипотиреоз: две стороны одной проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gestational diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism: two sides of the same coin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6816-3314</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леффад</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leffad</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мохамед Лемин Леффад, аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии</p><p>117198, г. Москва, Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Mohamed L. Leffad, MD, PhD Student, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Medical Institute</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-2393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старцева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Startseva</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Михайловна Старцева, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии</p><p>117198, г. Москва, Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Nadezhda M. Startseva, MD, DSc, Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-3618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семятов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semyatov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семятов Саид Мухаммятович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии</p><p>117198, г. Москва, Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Said M. Semyatov, MD, DSc, Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-4646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аникеев</surname><given-names>А. C.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anikeev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аникеев Андрей Сергеевич, аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом перинатологии</p><p>117198, г. Москва, Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Andrey S. Anikeev, MD, PhD Student, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">keshafike@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-3111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свиридова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свиридова Мария Ивановна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая Центром эндокринных заболеваний беременных женщин</p><p>111020, г. Москва, Госпитальная площадь, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Maria I. Sviridova, MD, PhD, Head of the Center for Pregnant Women Endocrine Diseases</p><p>2, Gospitalnaya Square, Moscow, 111020</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы», Медицинский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени  Патриса Лумумбы», Медицинский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 29 им. Н. Э. Баумана» Департамента здравоохранения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bauman City Clinical Hospital No. 29</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Леффад М.Л., Старцева Н.М., Семятов С.М., Аникеев А.C., Свиридова М.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Леффад М.Л., Старцева Н.М., Семятов С.М., Аникеев А.C., Свиридова М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Leffad M.L., Startseva N.M., Semyatov S.M., Anikeev A.S., Sviridova M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/721">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/721</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Систематический обзор общих факторов риска, прогностических маркеров гестационного сахарного диабета (ГСД) и гипотиреоза (ГТ), а также материнских и перинатальных осложнений при данных заболеваниях.Основные положения. Обзор включает данные зарубежных и отечественных публикаций в базах PubMed, Medline за последние 6 лет в области патогенеза, формирования материнских и перинатальных осложнений ГСД и ГТ. Обобщены прогностические и диагностические маркеры данных расстройств (метаболические, генетические и иммунные), отражающие их патогенетическую общность. Так, общим фактором риска для обоих заболеваний является ожирение, для которого характерна прегестационная инсулинорезистентность, а также метавоспаление с развитием окислительного стресса. Неожиданные данные были обнаружены в отношении роли антител к рецептору тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ) в снижении риска ГСД. Весьма контраверсионные результаты показали исследования о патогенезе преэклампсии (ПЭ) у пациенток с ГСД и ГТ. Однако большинство исследователей сходятся во мнении, что как ГТ, так и ГСД признаётся фактором риска развития ПЭ, а также увеличивает долю тяжёлых форм. Несомненна роль снижения антиоксидантной ёмкости и длительной стимуляции эндотелия повышенным уровнем ТТГ. Также указывается на гетерогенность анемического синдрома при ГСД, что требует дифференцированного подхода в отношении анемии хронических заболеваний и железодефицита.Заключение. ГСД и ГТ являются наиболее часто встречающимися эндокринопатиями во время беременности, повышающими риск материнских и перинатальных осложнений. Общность факторов риска, а также отсутствие однозначных данных о механизмах развития ГСД при ГТ и их взаимосвязи указывают на необходимость проведения скрининга и более тщательного мониторинга пациенток с нарушением функций щитовидной железы с целью раннего выявления и коррекции гипергликемии. Актуальность дальнейших исследований, повышающих качество прогнозирования и раннего выявления ГСД при ГТ, разработки подробного алгоритма обследования этой когорты беременных не вызывают сомнений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To perform a systematic review of common risk factors and prognostic markers of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypothyroidism (HT), as well as maternal and perinatal complications in these diseases. For achieving this task, we screened and analysed the relevant data from the publications in a PubMed database over the past 6 years.Key Points. A common risk factor for both diseases is obesity, which is characterized by pregestational insulin resistance, as well as the combination of by low-grade chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction termed as meta-inflammation. Antibodies to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) are associated with the reduced the risk of GDM. Studies on pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia in patients with GDM and HT have shown unequivocal results, although most of them suggest both HT and GDM as risk factors for the development of this pregnancy complication. Elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone are associated with reduced antioxidant capacity and long-term endothelial activation. The heterogeneity of the anemia in GDM requires a rigorous differential diagnosis.Conclusion. GDM and HT are the most common endocrine diseases during pregnancy which significantly increase the risk of maternal and perinatal complications. Common risk factors, interrelationship, and ambiguous data on GDM and HT development mechanisms indicate the need for screening and detailed monitoring of patients with thyroid dysfunction for early detection and correction of hyperglycemia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гестационный сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>перинатальные риски</kwd><kwd>патогенетическая общность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gestational diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>perinatal risks</kwd><kwd>pathogenetic links</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гестационный сахарный диабет. Диагностика, лечение, акушерская тактика, послеродовое наблюдение. Клинические рекомендации. Состав.: Российская ассоциация эндокринологов, Российское общество акушеров-гинекологов. 2020. 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