<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2023-8-3-26-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-753</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диаметр брюшной аорты как предиктор прогрессирования субклинического мультифокального атеросклероза у пациентов 40-64 лет различного сердечно-сосудистого риска</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Abdominal aortic diameter as a predictor of peripheral atherosclerosis progression in 40-64-year-old patients with cardiovascular risk factors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-3803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генкель</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Genkel</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генкель Вадим Викторович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Genkel - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, South-Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">henkel-07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1136-7284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Алла Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla S. Kuznetsova - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Therapy, South-Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-1699</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгушина</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgushina</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгушина Анастасия Ильинична - доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой госпитальной терапии.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia I. Dolgushina - MD, DSc, Head of the Department of Clinical Therapy, South-Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-0924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савочкина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savochkina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савочкина Альбина Юрьевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina Yu. Savochkina - MD, DSc, Professor, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, South-Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-9278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никушкина</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikushkina</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никушкина Карина Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник НИИ иммунологии.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karina V. Nikushkina - MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Research Institute of Immunology, South Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-0875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сумеркина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sumerkina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сумеркина Вероника Андреевна - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ЦНИЛ.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika A. Sumerkina - MD, PhD, Leading Researcher, Central Research Laboratory, South Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0658-7626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыхова</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pykhova</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пыхова Любовь Романовна - старший лаборант ЦНИЛ.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov R. Pykhova - MD, Senior Technician, Central Research Laboratory, South Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-2951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоленский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolensky</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоленский Антон Игоревич - старший лаборант кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton I. Smolensky - MD, Senior Technician, Department of Internal Medicine, South Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-7730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошник</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnik</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шапошник Игорь Иосифович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>454092, Челябинская область, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor I. Shaposhnik - MD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine, South Ural State Medical University.</p><p>64, Vorovskogo Street, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, 454092</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South-Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Генкель В.В., Кузнецова А.С., Долгушина А.И., Савочкина А.Ю., Никушкина К.В., Сумеркина В.А., Пыхова Л.Р., Смоленский А.И., Шапошник И.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Генкель В.В., Кузнецова А.С., Долгушина А.И., Савочкина А.Ю., Никушкина К.В., Сумеркина В.А., Пыхова Л.Р., Смоленский А.И., Шапошник И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Genkel V.V., Kuznetsova A.S., Dolgushina A.I., Savochkina A.Y., Nikushkina K.V., Sumerkina V.A., Pykhova L.R., Smolensky A.I., Shaposhnik I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/753">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/753</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение прогностической значимости диаметра брюшной аорты (БА) при отсутствии патологического расширения БА в отношении прогрессирования субклинического мультифокального атеросклероза (МФА) у пациентов 40-64 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включали амбулаторных пациентов (n = 157) 40-64 лет, направленных лечащим врачом на ультразвуковое исследование периферических артерий с целью уточнения сердечно-сосудистого риска (ССР). Лабораторно всем пациентам определяли параметры липидограммы, уровень креатинина, гликированного гемоглобина, концентрацию высокочувствительного С-реактивного белка, содержание в сыворотке пентраксина-3 и матриксных металлопротеиназ (МПП-1, ММП-2, ММП-9, ММП-10). Всем пациентам проводили дуплексное сканирование артерий каротидного бассейна и артерий нижних конечностей, брюшной аорты. Критериями прогрессирования субклинического МФА являлись: 1) появление новой атеросклеротической бляшки (АСБ); 2) увеличение степени стенозирования ранее имеющегося стеноза ≥ 10%; 3) увеличение суммарной площади каротидных АСБ более чем на 0,106 см2. Анализ полученных данных проводили с использованием пакетов статистического анализа данных MedCalc (версия 20.215) и IBM SPSS Statistics (версия 18).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Диаметр БА прямо коррелировал с уровнем гликированного гемоглобина (r = 0,298; p = 0,003) и ММП-2 (r = 0,240; p = 0,041), индекс размера БА - с уровнем ММП-9 (r = 0,319; p = 0,029). Повторное дуплексное сканирование (ДС) периферических артерий было проведено 120 (76,4%) пациентам. Медиана периода между двумя исследованиями составляла 14,4 (12,3; 20,8) месяца. По результатам повторного ДС сонных артерий и артерий нижних конечностей прогрессирование МФА было установлено у 26 (21,6%) пациентов. По данным ROC-анализа, увеличение диаметра БА более 1,64 см позволяло прогнозировать прогрессирование МФА с чувствительностью 53,8% и специфичностью 74,1% (PPV 36,8%, NPV 85,2%). По данным регрессионного анализа Кокса, увеличение диаметра БА более 1,64 см ассоциировалось с увеличением ОР прогрессирования МФА в 2,31 раза (95% ДИ 1,06-5,00; p = 0,034).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Прогрессирование МФА за 14,4 месяца среди пациентов 40-64 лет наблюдалось в 21,6% случаев. Увеличение диаметра БА более 1,64 см ассоциировалось с увеличением ОР прогрессирования МФА в 2,31 раза (95% ДИ 1,06-5,00; p = 0,034; чувствительность 53,8%, специфичностью 74,1%).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the prognostic significance of abdominal aorta (AA) diameter in progression of peripheral atherosclerosis in patients aged 40-64 years and without abdominal aortic dilation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study included 157 outpatients aged 40-64 years who underwent Doppler ultrasonography of brachiocephalic arteries, lower extremity arteries, and abdominal aorta in order to assess cardiovascular risk. Upon the serum collection, we measured lipid fractions, creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, pentraxin-3 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-10). The criteria for the progression of peripheral atherosclerosis were: 1) the appearance of a new atherosclerotic plaque; 2) stenosis increase by ≥ 10%; 3) carotid plaque area increase by ≥ 0.106 cm2.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We found that 116 (73.9%) patients initially had low to moderate cardiovascular risk. Abdominal aortic diameter directly correlated with the level of glycated hemoglobin (r = 0.298; p = 0.003) and serum MMP-2 (r = 0.240; p = 0.041), whilst aortic size index directly correlated with serum MMP-9 (r = 0.319; p = 0.029). Repeated Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 120 (76.4%) patients, with the median period between two examinations was 14.4 (12.3; 20.8) months, and progression of peripheral atherosclerosis was identified in 26 (21.6%) patients. An increase in abdominal aortic diameter &gt; 1.64 cm could predict atherosclerosis progression with sensitivity of 53.8% and specificity of 74.1%. According to Cox regression analysis, an increase in abdominal aortic diameter &gt; 1.64 cm was associated with a 2.31-fold increased risk of atherosclerosis progression (95% CI = 1.06 - 5.00, p = 0.034).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Abdominal aortic diameter can be considered as a predictor of peripheral atherosclerosis progression.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультифокальный атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>диаметр брюшной аорты</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистый риск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peripheral atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>abdominal aortic diameter</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular risk</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания (номер госрегистрации 121020800023-9).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out in accordance with the state assignment (state registration number 121020800023-9).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glauser F., Mazzolai L., Darioli R., Depairon M. Interaction between widening of diameter of abdominal aorta and cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis burden. Intern. Emerg. Med. 2014;9(4):411-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-013-0941-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glauser F, Mazzolai L, Darioli R, Depairon M. Interaction between widening of diameter of abdominal aorta and cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis burden. Intern Emerg Med. 2014;9(4):411-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-013-0941-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Canton G., Hippe D.S., Chen L., Waterton J.C., Liu W., Watase H., Balu N., Sun J., Hatsukami T.S., Yuan C. Atherosclerotic Burden and Remodeling Patterns of the Popliteal Artery as Detected in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Osteoarthritis Initiative Data Set. J. Am. Heart. Assoc. 2021;10(11):e018408. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.018408</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Canton G, Hippe DS, Chen L, Waterton JC, Liu W, Watase H, Balu N, Sun J, Hatsukami TS, Yuan C. Atherosclerotic Burden and Remodeling Patterns of the Popliteal Artery as Detected in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Osteoarthritis Initiative Data Set. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(11):e018408. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.018408</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toghill B.J., Saratzis A., Bown M.J. Abdominal aortic aneurysm-an independent disease to atherosclerosis? Cardiovasc. Pathol. 2017;27:71-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carpath.2017.01.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toghill BJ, Saratzis A, Bown MJ. Abdominal aortic aneurysm-an independent disease to atherosclerosis? Cardiovasc Pathol. 2017;27:71-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carpath.2017.01.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laughlin G.A., Allison M.A., Jensky N.E., Aboyans V., Wong N.D., Detrano R., Criqui M.H. Abdominal aortic diameter and vascular atherosclerosis: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 2011;41(4):481-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.12.015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laughlin GA, Allison MA, Jensky NE, Aboyans V, Wong ND, Detrano R, Criqui MH. Abdominal aortic diameter and vascular atherosclerosis: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2011;41(4):481-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.12.015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thijssen D.H., Carter S.E., Green D.J. Arterial structure and function in vascular ageing: are you as old as your arteries? J. Physiol. 2016;594(8):2275-2284. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270597</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thijssen DH, Carter SE, Green DJ. Arterial structure and function in vascular ageing: are you as old as your arteries? J Physiol. 2016;594(8):2275-84. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270597</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maruhashi T., Soga J., Fujimura N., Idei N., Mikami S., Iwamoto Y., Iwamoto A., Kajikawa M., Matsumoto T., Oda N., Kishimoto S., Matsui S., Hashimoto H., Aibara Y., Yusoff F.M., Hidaka T., Kihara Y., Chayama K., Noma K., Nakashima A., Goto C., Tomiyama H., Takase B., Kohro T., Suzuki T., Ishizu T., Ueda S., Yamazaki T., Furumoto T., Kario K., Inoue T., Koba S., Watanabe K., Takemoto Y., Hano T., Sata M., Ishibashi Y., Node K., Maemura K., Ohya Y., Furukawa T., Ito H., Ikeda H., Yamashina A., Higashi Y. Brachial artery diameter as a marker for cardiovascular risk assessment: FMD-J study. Atherosclerosis. 2018;268:92-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maruhashi T, Soga J, Fujimura N, Idei N, Mikami S, Iwamoto Y, Iwamoto A, Kajikawa M, Matsumoto T, Oda N, Kishimoto S, Matsui S, Hashimoto H, Aibara Y, Yusoff FM, Hidaka T, Kihara Y, Chayama K, Noma K, Nakashima A, Goto C, Tomiyama H, Takase B, Kohro T, Suzuki T, Ishizu T, Ueda S, Yamazaki T, Furumoto T, Kario K, Inoue T, Koba S, Watanabe K, Takemoto Y, Hano T, Sata M, Ishibashi Y, Node K, Maemura K, Ohya Y, Furukawa T, Ito H, Ikeda H, Yamashina A, Higashi Y. Brachial artery diameter as a marker for cardiovascular risk assessment: FMD-J study. Atherosclerosis. 2018;268:92-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fritze F., Groß S., Ittermann T., Völzke H., Felix S.B., Schminke U., Dörr M., Bahls M. Carotid Lumen Diameter Is Associated With All-Cause Mortality in the General Population. J. Am. Heart. Assoc. 2020;9(16):e015630. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.015630</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fritze F, Gro^ S, Ittermann T, Volzke H, Felix SB, Schminke U, Dorr M, Bahls M. Carotid Lumen Diameter Is Associated With All-Cause Mortality in the General Population. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(16):e015630. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.119.015630</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sedaghat S., van Sloten T.T., Laurent S., London G.M., Pannier B., Kavousi M., Mattace-Raso F., Franco O.H., Boutouyrie P., Ikram M.A., Stehouwer C.D.A. Common Carotid Artery Diameter and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: Pooled Analyses of Four Cohort Studies. Hypertension. 2018;72(1):85-92. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11253</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sedaghat S, van Sloten TT, Laurent S, London GM, Pannier B, Kavousi M, Mattace-Raso F, Franco OH, Boutouyrie P, Ikram MA, Stehouwer CDA. Common Carotid Artery Diameter and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: Pooled Analyses of Four Cohort Studies. Hypertension. 2018;72(1):85-92. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11253</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genkel V., Kuznetcova A., Shaposhnik I. Relationship between the abdominal aortic diameter and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Int. Angiol. 2021;40(2):131-137. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0392-9590.21.04493-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Genkel V, Kuznetcova A, Shaposhnik I. Relationship between the abdominal aortic diameter and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Int Angiol. 2021;40(2):131-137. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0392-9590.21.04493-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joh J.H., Ahn H.J., Park H.C. Reference diameters of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries in the Korean population. Yonsei Med. J. 2013;54(1):48-54. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2013.54.1.48</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joh JH, Ahn HJ, Park HC. Reference diameters of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries in the Korean population. Yonsei Med J 2013;54(1):48-54. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2013.54.1.48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guideline developed in collaboration with the American College of Radiology; Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound. AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Diagnostic and Screening Ultrasound Examinations of the Abdominal Aorta in Adults. J. Ultrasound. Med. 2015;34(8):1-6. https://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.34.8.15.13.0003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guideline developed in collaboration with the American College of Radiology; Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound. AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Diagnostic and Screening Ultrasound Examinations of the Abdominal Aorta in Adults. J Ultrasound Med. 2015;34(8):1-6. https://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.34.8.15.13.0003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuznetsova A., Dolgushina A., Savochkina A., Pykhova L., Sumerkina V., Selyanina A., Kudrinskaya Y., Genkel V. Liver Stiffness Is Associated with the Burden of Carotid and Systemic Atherosclerosis in an Unorganized Cohort of Patients 40-64 Years Old. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(10):2336. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102336</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova A, Dolgushina A, Savochkina A, Pykhova L, Sumerkina V, Selyanina A, Kudrinskaya Y, Genkel V. Liver Stiffness Is Associated with the Burden of Carotid and Systemic Atherosclerosis in an Unorganized Cohort of Patients 40-64 Years Old. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(10):2336. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Školoudík D, Kešnerová P, Hrbáč T, Netuka D, Vomáčka J, Langová K, Herzig R, Belšan T. Risk factors for carotid plaque progression after optimising the risk factor treatment: substudy results of theAtherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics Associated with a Progression Rate of the Plaque and a Risk of Stroke in Patients with the carotid Bifurcation Plaque Study (ANTIQUE). Stroke Vasc. Neurol. 2022;7(2):132-139. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2021-001068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Školoudík D, Kešnerová P, Hrbáč T, Netuka D, Vomáčka J, Langová K, Herzig R, Belšan T. Risk factors for carotid plaque progression after optimising the risk factor treatment: substudy results of the Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics Associated with a Progression Rate of the Plaque and a Risk of Stroke in Patients with the carotid Bifurcation Plaque Study (ANTIQUE). Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2022;7(2):132-139. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2021-001068.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">López-Melgar B, Fernández-Friera L, Oliva B, García-Ruiz JM, Sánchez-Cabo F, Bueno H, Mendiguren JM, Lara-Pezzi E, Andrés V, Ibáñez B, Fernández-Ortiz A, Sanz J, Fuster V. Short-Term Progression of Multiterritorial Subclinical Atherosclerosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2020;75(14):1617-1627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.02.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">López-Melgar B, Fernández-Friera L, Oliva B, García-Ruiz JM, Sánchez-Cabo F, Bueno H, Mendiguren JM, Lara-Pezzi E, Andrés V, Ibáñez B, Fernández-Ortiz A, Sanz J, Fuster V. Short-Term Progression of Multiterritorial Subclinical Atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(14):1617-1627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.02.026.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen P.C., Jeng J.S., Hsu H.C., Su T.C., Chien K.L., Lee Y.T. Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in a Community in Taiwan. Sci. Rep. 2016;6:25733. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25733</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen PC, Jeng JS, Hsu HC, Su TC, Chien KL, Lee YT. Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in a Community in Taiwan. Sci. Rep. 2016;6:25733. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25733</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Rosendael A.R., Lin F.Y., van den Hoogen I.J., Ma X., Gianni U., Al Hussein Alawamlh O., Al'Aref S.J., Pena J.M., Andreini D., Budoff M.J., Cademartiri F., Chinnaiyan K., Choi J.H., Conte E., Marques H., de Araujo Gongalves P., Gottlieb I., Hadamitzky M., Leipsic J., Maffei E., Pontone G., Raff G.L., Shin S., Kim Y.J., Lee B.K., Chun E.J., Sung J.M., Lee S.E., Han D., Berman D.S., Virmani R., Samady H., Stone P., Narula J., Bax J.J., Shaw L.J., Min J.K., Chang H.J. Progression of whole-heart Atherosclerosis by coronary CT and major adverse cardiovascular events. J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr. 2021;15(4):322-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2020.12.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Rosendael AR, Lin FY, van den Hoogen IJ, Ma X, Gianni U, Al Hussein Alawamlh O, Al'Aref SJ, Pena JM, Andreini D, Budoff MJ, Cademartiri F, Chinnaiyan K, Choi JH, Conte E, Marques H, de Araujo Gongalves P, Gottlieb I, Hadamitzky M, Leipsic J, Maffei E, Pontone G, Raff GL, Shin S, Kim YJ, Lee BK, Chun EJ, Sung JM, Lee SE, Han D, Berman DS, Virmani R, Samady H, Stone P, Narula J, Bax JJ, Shaw LJ, Min JK, Chang HJ. Progression of whole-heart Atherosclerosis by coronary CT and major adverse cardiovascular events. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2021;15(4):322-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2020.12.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безденежных А.В., Сумин А.Н., Казачек Я.В., Осокина А.В., Кондрикова Н.В., Байракова Ю.В., Иванов С.В., Барбараш О.Л. Факторы риска и критерии оценки прогрессирования некоронарного атеросклероза у пациентов через год после коронарного шунтирования. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2017;(5):117-125. https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2017-5-117-125</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bezdenezhnykh AV, Sumin AN, Kazacek YV, Osokina AV, Kondrikova NV, Bayrakova YV, Ivanov SV, Barbarash OL. The risk factors and evaluation criteria for progression of atherosclerosis in one year post coronary bypass. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2017;(5):117-125. (In Russ). https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2017-5-117-125</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnsen S.H., Forsdahl S.H., Solberg S., Singh K., Jacobsen B.K. Carotid atherosclerosis and relation to growth of infrarenal aortic diameter and follow-up diameter: the Troms0 Study. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 2013;45(2):135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.11.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnsen SH, Forsdahl SH, Solberg S, Singh K, Jacobsen BK. Carotid atherosclerosis and relation to growth of infrarenal aortic diameter and follow-up diameter: the Troms0 Study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2013;45(2):135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.11.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maguire E.M., Pearce S.W.A., Xiao R., Oo A.Y., Xiao Q. Matrix Metalloproteinase in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2019;12(3):118. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph12030118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maguire EM, Pearce SWA, Xiao R, OoAY, Xiao Q. Matrix Metalloproteinase in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2019;12(3):118. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph12030118</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li T., Jiang B., Li X., Sun H.Y., Li X.T., Jing J.J., Yang J. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a valuable biomarker for identification of abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysm: a case-control study. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord. 2018;18(1):202. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0931-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li T, Jiang B, Li X, Sun HY, Li XT, Jing JJ, Yang J. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a valuable biomarker for identification of abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysm: a case-control study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2018;18(1):202. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0931-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polonskaya Y.V., Kashtanova E.V., Murashov I.S., Striukova E.V., Kurguzov A.V., Stakhneva E.M., Shramko V.S., Maslatsov N.A., Chernyavsky A.M., Ragino Y.I. Association of Matrix Metalloproteinases with Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients with CHD. J. Pers. Med. 2021;11(6):506. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060506</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Polonskaya YV, Kashtanova EV, Murashov IS, Striukova EV, Kurguzov AV, Stakhneva EM, Shramko VS, Maslatsov NA, Chernyavsky AM, Ragino YI. Association of Matrix Metalloproteinases with Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients with CHD. J Pers Med. 2021;11(6):506. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060506</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ezhov M., Safarova M., Afanasieva O., Mitroshkin M., Matchin Y., Pokrovsky S. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 as a Predictor of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients with Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels. Biomolecules. 2019;9(4):129. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9040129</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ezhov M, Safarova M, Afanasieva O, Mitroshkin M, Matchin Y, Pokrovsky S. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 as a Predictor of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients with Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels. Biomolecules. 2019;9(4):129. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9040129</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paraskevas KI. The rationale for extending screening guidelines for abdominal aortic aneurysms. J. Vasc. Surg. 2021;73(3):1113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.08.157</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paraskevas KI. The rationale for extending screening guidelines for abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 2021;73(3):1113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.08.157</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sidloff D.A., Saratzis A., Thompson J., Katsogridakis E., Bown M.J. Editor's Choice - Infra-Renal Aortic Diameter and Cardiovascular Risk: Making Better Use of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening Outcomes. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 2021;62(1):38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.03.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidloff DA, Saratzis A, Thompson J, Katsogridakis E, Bown MJ. Editor's Choice - Infra-Renal Aortic Diameter and Cardiovascular Risk: Making Better Use of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening Outcomes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2021;62(1):38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.03.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
