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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2023-8-4-115-123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-790</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности иммуногистохимии для оценки патогенетических механизмов действия соединений с предполагаемым противоопухолевым действием. Часть I. Общие показатели активности процесса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The possibilities of immunohistochemistry for assessing the pathogenetic mechanisms of action of compounds with a suspected antitumor effect. Part I. General indicators of the process activity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-6911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акименко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акименко Марина Анатольевна - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры медицинской биологии и генетики ФГБОУ ВО «РостГМУ» МЗ РФ; биолог высшей категории патологоанатомического отделения ЧУЗ «КБ "РЖД-Медицина" г. Ростов-на-Дону».</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29; 344011, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Варфоломеева, д. 92а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Akimenko - MD, PhD, Assistant of the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics of Rostov State Medical University; biologist of the Pathological Department of Private Health Care Institution «Rostov-on- Don Clinical Hospital "Russian Railways-Medicine"».</p><p>29, Nakhichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022; 92a, Varfolomeeva str., Rostovon-Don, 344011</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akimenkoma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2976-0794</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронова Ольга Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры судебной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «РостГМУ» МЗ РФ; заведующая патологоанатомическим отделением ЧУЗ «КБ "РЖД-Медицина" г. Ростов-на-Дону»</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29; 344011, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Варфоломеева, д. 92а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Voronova - MD, PhD, Assistant of the Department of Forensic Medicine of Rostov State Medical University; Head of the Pathological Department of Private Health Care Institution «Rostov-on-Don Clinical Hospital "Russian Railways-Medicine"».</p><p>29, Nakhichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022; 92a, Varfolomeeva str., Rostov-on-Don, 344011</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5123-5289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алхусейн-Кулягинова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alkhuseyn-Kuliaginova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алхусейн-Кулягинова Маргарита Стефановна - ассистент кафедры патологической физиологии.</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita S. Alkhusein-Kulyaginova - MD, assistant of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Rostov State Medical University.</p><p>29, Nahichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6853-766X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альникин</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alnikin</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Альникин Александр Борисович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургических болезней №2, главный врач клиники.</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander B. Alnikin - MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 2, Chief Physician of the clinic of the Rostov State Medical University.</p><p>29, Nahichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0485-5869</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корниенко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornienko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корниенко Наталья Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры нормальной анатомии.</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Kornienko - MD,PhD, associate Professor of the Department of Normal Anatomy, Rostov State Medical University.</p><p>29, Nahichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-827X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Додохова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dodokhova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Додохова Маргарита Авдеевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры патологической физиологии.</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Dodokhova - MD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Rostov State Medical University.</p><p>29, Nahichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6023-8916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулян</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyan</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гулян Марина Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры патологической физиологии.</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Gulyan - MD, PhD, аssociate Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Rostov State Medical University.</p><p>29, Nahichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-9466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котиева</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotieva</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котиева Инга Мовлиевна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры патологической физиологии, проректор по научной работе.</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inga M. Kotieva - MD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Rostov State Medical University.</p><p>29, Nahichevansky av., Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ЧУЗ «Клиническая больница «РЖД-Медицина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University; Private healthcare institution Clinical hospital “RZD medicine”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>123</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акименко М.А., Воронова О.В., Алхусейн-Кулягинова М.С., Альникин А.Б., Корниенко Н.А., Додохова М.А., Гулян М.В., Котиева И.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акименко М.А., Воронова О.В., Алхусейн-Кулягинова М.С., Альникин А.Б., Корниенко Н.А., Додохова М.А., Гулян М.В., Котиева И.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akimenko M.A., Voronova O.A., Alkhuseyn-Kuliaginova M.S., Alnikin A.B., Kornienko N.A., Dodokhova M.A., Gulyan M.V., Kotieva I.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/790">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/790</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на широкий арсенал химиотерапевтических средств, актуальными являются поиск и изучение новых соединений, предположительно обладающих противоопухолевым действием. Морфологическая диагностика патологических процессов, происходящих под действием фармакологически активных веществ, является важнейшей составляющей доклинического исследования соединений с предполагаемым противоопухолевым действием. О возможном цитотоксическом действии кандидатов в противоопухолевые лекарственные средства целесообразно судить, используя иммуногистохимический метод исследования органов и систем экспериментальных животных на разных сроках развития опухолевого процесса по косвенным маркерам активности опухолевой прогрессии. Морфологическое исследование паренхиматозных органов и опухолевой ткани в динамике развития злокачественного новообразования является более информативным и доказательным, чем биохимическое исследование. Цель исследования – провести сравнительный анализ маркеров активности опухолевого процесса для более эффективного использования морфологического и иммуногистохимического методов исследования в доклиническом изучении соединений с предполагаемой противоопухолевой активностью для оценки перспектив их применения. Поиск литературы осуществлялся по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY. В работе представлен обзор актуальных молекулярно-биологических маркеров для оценки активности злокачественного процесса в эксперименте: Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), Ki-67, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), p53, Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) и Anti-8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), beta III Tubulin, p120 Catenin, Вeta Actin. Перечисленные маркеры являются косвенными и могут быть использованы в монорежиме только для скрининговых исследований противоопухолевой и антиметастатической активности, в которых идет сортировка большого количества соединений по принципу эффективности. При проведении углубленного исследования фармакологической активности соединений-лидеров необходимо выполнение комплексного иммуногистохимического исследования. Проведенный нами анализ литературных данных подтверждает значимость подбора оптимальных, чувствительных, экономически целесообразных и доступных маркеров, что в свою очередь ведет к улучшению диагностических панелей и их стандартизации для упрощения их перехода в клиническую практику.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the wide arsenal of chemotherapeutic agents, the search and study of new compounds with an alleged antitumor effect is relevant. Morphological diagnostics of pathological processes occurring under the action of pharmacologically active substances is the most important component of preclinical research of compounds with an alleged antitumor effect. It is advisable to use information about the possible cytotoxic effect of candidates for antitumor drugs using an immunohistochemical method for studying organs and systems of experimental animals at different stages of the development of the tumor process by indirect markers of tumor progression activity. Morphological examination of parenchymal organs and tumor tissue in the dynamics of the development of malignant neoplasm is more informative and evidence-based than biochemical research. The aim of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of markers of tumor process activity for more effective use of morphological and immunohistochemical research methods in the preclinical study of compounds with suspected antitumor activity to assess the prospects for their use with the detection of tumor process activity. The literature search was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and eLIBRARY databases. The paper presents an overview of current molecular biological markers for assessing the activity of the malignant process in the experiment: Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), Ki-67, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), p53, Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and Anti-8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), beta III Tubulin, p120 Catenin, Beta Actin. The listed markers are indirect and can be used in a single mode only for screening studies of antitumor and antimetastatic activity in which a large number of compounds are sorted according to the principle of effectiveness. When conducting an in-depth study of the pharmacological activity of the leader compounds it is necessary to perform a comprehensive immunohistochemical study. Our analysis of the literature data confirms the importance of selecting optimal, sensitive, economically feasible and affordable markers, which in turn leads to the improvement of diagnostic panels and their standardization to simplify their transition into clinical practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доклинические исследования</kwd><kwd>противоопухолевые лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>морфологический метод</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preclinical studies</kwd><kwd>anticancer drugs</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>morphological method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2021 году. Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, B.B. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. 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