<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2023-8-4-65-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-797</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиеническая оценка потребления трансизомеров жирных кислот населением Омской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygienic assessment of the consumption of trans fatty acids by the population of the Omsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5054-3941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубарова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubarova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чубарова Арина Дмитриевна - ординатор кафедры гигиены, питания человека.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina D. Chubarova - MD, resident of the Department of Hygiene and Human Nutrition, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>12, Lenin Street, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2823-607X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турчанинова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turchaninova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турчанинова Мария Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры гигиены, питания человека.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya S. Turchaninova - MD, PhD, assistant of the Department of Hygiene and Human Nutrition, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>12, Lenin Street, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7088-4951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гогадзе</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gogadze</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гогадзе Натэла Валеряновна - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры гигиены, питания человека.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natela V. Gogadze - MD, PhD, assistant of the Department of Hygiene and Human Nutrition, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>12, Lenin Street, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0263-044X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вильмс</surname><given-names>Е. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vilms</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вильмс Елена Анатольевна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эпидемиологии.</p><p>644099, Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Vilms - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Omsk State Medical University.</p><p>12, Lenin Street, Omsk, 644099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wilms26@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-6289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щерба</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherba</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щерба Елена Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общей гигиены.</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Shcherba - MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of General Hygiene, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University.</p><p>2, Litovskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 194100</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Omsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чубарова А.Д., Турчанинова М.С., Гогадзе Н.В., Вильмс Е.A., Щерба Е.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чубарова А.Д., Турчанинова М.С., Гогадзе Н.В., Вильмс Е.A., Щерба Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chubarova A.D., Turchaninova M.S., Gogadze N.V., Vilms E.A., Shcherba E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/797">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/797</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка содержания транс-изомеров жирных кислот в пищевых продуктах, потребляемых населением Омской области, и величин их фактического потребления.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты лабораторных исследований пищевых продуктов из следующих групп: фастфуд (гамбургеры, беляши, картофель фри, чипсы); кондитерские изделия; масла, жиры; мясные продукты; молочные продукты (n = 438). В образцах продуктов определялась массовая доля транс-изомеров жирных кислот методом газовой хроматографии. Проведена оценка фактического питания и потребления трансжиров жителями региона с использованием метода анализа частоты потребления пищи (n = 441).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медианное содержание трансжиров в основных группах продуктов составило 0,67% от общего количества жира, что не превышает величины, рекомендуемой ВОЗ. Отмечено снижение содержания транс-изомеров в пищевых продуктах с 2,7% в период 2016–2017 гг. до 1,0 % в 2020−2021 гг. Тем не менее сохраняется существенный риск здоровью, связанный с употреблением трансизомеров жирных кислот, ввиду высокой доли проб с превышением рекомендуемых уровней (24,5±2,1%), в большей степени риск определялся потреблением кондитерских изделий.</p><p>Медиана потребления транс-изомеров жирных кислот в исследуемой популяции составила 1,16 г/сут., что соответствует рекомендуемым нормам. Доля лиц с превышением рекомендуемого потребления составила 10,2%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты свидетельствуют об улучшении ситуации, связанной с потреблением трансжиров в 2016−2021 гг. вследствие ужесточения требований к их содержанию в пищевой продукции. Необходимо проведение дальнейших исследований, связанных с оценкой содержания транс-изомеров жирных кислот в рационе различных групп населения, для выявления групп риска и приоритетных пищевых продуктов – источников трансжиров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Assessment of the content of trans-fatty acids in foods consumed by the population of the Omsk region and the values of their actual consumption.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The results of laboratory studies of food products from the following groups were analyzed: fast food (hamburgers, french fries, chips); confectionery; oils, fats; meat products; dairy products (n=438). In product samples, the mass fraction of trans-fatty acid isomers was determined by gas chromatography. An assessment was made of the actual nutrition and consumption of trans fats by the inhabitants of the region using the method of analyzing the frequency of food consumption (n=441).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median content of trans fats in the main food groups was 0.67% of total fat, which does not exceed the values recommended by WHO. There was a decrease in the content of trans-isomers in food products from 2.7% in the period 2016−2017. up to 1.0% in the period 2020−2021 However, there remains a significant health risk associated with the consumption of trans-fatty acids, due to the high proportion of samples exceeding the recommended levels (24.5±2.1%), to a greater extent the risk was determined by the consumption of confectionery. The median consumption of TFAs in the study population was 1.16 g, which is in line with the recommended norms. The proportion of people with excess recommended consumption was 10.2%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results indicate an improvement in the situation related to the consumption of trans fats in 2016-2021 due to stricter requirements for their content in food products. It is necessary to conduct further research related to the assessment of the content of trans-isomers of fatty acids in the diet of various population groups to identify risk groups and priority food products - sources of trans fats.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансжиры</kwd><kwd>транс-изомеры жирных кислот</kwd><kwd>фастфуд</kwd><kwd>питание населения</kwd><kwd>гигиена питания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trans fats</kwd><kwd>trans-fatty acids</kwd><kwd>fast food</kwd><kwd>public nutrition</kwd><kwd>food hygiene</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Анализ материалов исследования и подготовка рукописи статьи осуществлены в рамках выполнения Государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации №056-00044-23-00, проект «Разработка риск-ориентированных технологий многоуровневой профилактики алиментарно-зависимых социально-значимых болезней».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was financially supported by the State task of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 056-00044-23-00 "Development of risk-focused prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Islam M.A., Amin M.N., Siddiqui S.A., Hossain M.P., Sultana F., Kabir M.R. Trans fatty acids and lipid profile: A serious risk factor to cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Diabetes Metab. Syndr. 2019;13(2):1643-1647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.033</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Islam MA, Amin MN, Siddiqui SA, Hossain MP, Sultana F, Kabir MR. Trans fatty acids and lipid profile: A serious risk factor to cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019;13(2):1643-1647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.033</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oteng A.B., Kersten S. Mechanisms of Action of trans Fatty Acids. Adv. Nutr. 2020;11(3):697-708. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz125</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oteng AB, Kersten S. Mechanisms of Action of trans Fatty Acids. Adv Nutr. 2020;11(3):697-708. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz125</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Григорьева Н.М., Кулешова М.В. Опасность трансжиров пищи: проблема информированности населения. Вестник Челябинского государственного университета. Образование и здравоохранение. 2020;4(12):54-58. https://doi.org/10.24411/2409-4102-2020-10407</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigor'eva NM, Kuleshova MV The danger of trans fats in food: the problem of public awareness. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Obrazovanie i zdravoohranenie. 2020;4(12):54-58 (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.24411/2409-4102-2020-10407</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исаева А.П., Гаппарова К.М., Чехонина Ю.Г., Лапик И.А. Свободные жирные кислоты и ожирение: состояние проблемы. Вопросы питания. 2018;87(1):18-27. https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2018-10002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isaeva AP, Gapparova KM, Chekhonina YuG, Lapik IA. Free fatty acids and obesity: the state of the problem. Problems of nutrition. 2018;87(1):18-27. (in Russ) https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2018-10002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michels N., Specht I.O., Heitmann B.L., Chajes V., Huybrechts I. Dietary trans-fatty acid intake in relation to cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr. Rev. 2021;79(7):758-776. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa061</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michels N, Specht IO, Heitmann BL, Chajes V, Huybrechts I. Dietary trans-fatty acid intake in relation to cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2021;79(7):758-776. https://doi.org/10.1093/nu-trit/nuaa061</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li C., Cobb L.K., Vesper H.W., Asma S. Global Surveillance of trans-Fatty Acids. Prev. Chronic. Dis. 2019;16:147. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd16.190121</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li C, Cobb LK, Vesper HW, Asma S. Global Surveillance of trans-Fatty Acids. Prev Chronic Dis. 2019;16:E147. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd16.190121</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайцева Л.В., Бессонов В.В. Влияние транс-изомеров жирных кислот на здоровье человека и пути снижения потребления. Масла и жиры. 2022;3:18-22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaitseva LV, Bessonov VV. The effect of trans fatty acid isomers on human health and ways to reduce consumption. Oils and fats. 2022;3:18-22. (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pipoyan D., Stepanyan S., Stepanyan S., Beglaryan M., Costantini L., Molinari R., Merendino N. The Effect of Trans Fatty Acids on Human Health: Regulation and Consumption Patterns. Foods. 2021;10(10):2452. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102452</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pipoyan D, Stepanyan S, Stepanyan S, Beglaryan M, Costantini L, Molinari R, Merendino N. The Effect of Trans Fatty Acids on Human Health: Regulation and Consumption Patterns. Foods. 2021;10(10):2452. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102452</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сметнева Н.С., Погожева А.В., Васильев Ю.Л. Дыдыкин С.С. Дыдыкина И.С. Коваленко А.А. Роль оптимального питания в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Вопросы питания. 2020;89(3):114-124. https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10035</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smetneva NS, Pogozheva AV, Vasil'ev YuL, Dydykin SS, Dydykina IS, Kovalenko AA. The role of optimal nutrition in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Problems of nutrition. 2020;89(3):114-124. (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10035</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нутрициология и клиническая диетология: национальное руководство. Под ред. В.А. Тутельяна, Д.Б. Никитюка. 2-е изд. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tutel'yana VA, Nikityuka DB., editors. Nutritsiologiya i klinicheskaya dietologiya: natsional'noe rukovodstvo. 2nd ed. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2023. (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salemi F., Beigrezaei S., Arabi V., Taghipour Zahir S., Salehi-Abargouei A. Dietary trans fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur. J. Nutr. 2023;62(2):563-572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-03034-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salemi F, Beigrezaei S, Arabi V, Taghipour Zahir S, Salehi-Abargouei A. Dietary trans fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Nutr. 2023;62(2):563-572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-03034-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oteng A-B., Kersten S. Mechanisms of Action of trans Fatty Acids. Adv. Nutr. 2020;11(3):697-708. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz125</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oteng A-B., Kersten S. Mechanisms of Action of trans Fatty Acids. Adv Nutr. 2020;11(3):697-708. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz125</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu Y., Bo Y., Liu Y. Dietary total fat, fatty acids intake, and risk of cardiovascular disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Lipids Health Dis. 2019;18(1):91. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-019-1035-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu Y, Bo Y, Liu Y. Dietary total fat, fatty acids intake, and risk of cardiovascular disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Lipids Health Dis. 2019;18(1):91. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-019-1035-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gotoh N, Yoshinaga K, Kagiono S, Katoh Y, Mizuno Y, Beppu F, Nagai T, Mizobe H, Yoshida A, Nagao K. Evaluating the Content and Distribution of Trans Fatty Acid Isomers in Foods Consumed in Japan. J. Oleo Sci. 2019;68(2):193-202. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess18214</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gotoh N, Yoshinaga K, Kagiono S, Katoh Y, Mizuno Y, Beppu F, Nagai T, Mizobe H, Yoshida A, Nagao K. Evaluating the Content and Distribution of Trans Fatty Acid Isomers in Foods Consumed in Japan. J Oleo Sci. 2019;68(2):193-202. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess18214</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chavasit V., Photi J., Dunkum P., Krassanairawiwong T., Ditmetharoj M., Preecha S., Martinez F. Evolution of Trans-fatty acid consumption in Thailand and strategies for its reduction. J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich). 2020;22(8):1347-1354. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.13921</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chavasit V, Photi J, Dunkum P, Krassanairawiwong T, Ditmetharoj M, Preecha S, Martinez F. Evolution of Trans-fatty acid consumption in Thailand and strategies for its reduction. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2020;22(8):1347-1354. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.13921</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomé-Carneiro J, Crespo MC, López de Las Hazas MC, Visioli F, Dávalos A. Olive oil consumption and its repercussions on lipid metabolism. Nutr. Rev. 2020;78(11):952-968. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomé-Carneiro J, Crespo MC, López de Las Hazas MC, Visioli F, Dávalos A. Olive oil consumption and its repercussions on lipid metabolism. Nutr Rev. 2020;78(11):952-968. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marakis G., Kotopoulou S., Proestos C., Skoulika S., Boukouvalas G., Papaioannou A., Mousia Z., Papadimitriou D., Katri E.M., Naska A., Chourdakis M., Zampelas A., Magriplis E. Changes of trans and saturated fatty acid content in savory baked goods from 2015 to 2021 and their effect on consumers' intake using substitution models: A study conducted in Greece. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2023:S0002-9165(23)66112-X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marakis G, Kotopoulou S, Proestos C, Skoulika S, Boukouvalas G, Papaioannou A, Mousia Z, Papadimitriou D, Katri EM, Naska A, Chourdakis M, Zampelas A, Magriplis E. Changes of trans and saturated fatty acid content in savory baked goods from 2015 to 2021 and their effect on consumers' intake using substitution models: A study conducted in Greece. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023:S0002-9165(23)66112-X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagpal T., Sahu J.K., Khare S.K., Bashir K., Jan K. Trans fatty acids in food: A review on dietary intake, health impact, regulations and alternatives. J. Food Sci. 2021;86(12):5159-5174. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15977</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagpal T, Sahu JK, Khare SK, Bashir K, Jan K. Trans fatty acids in food: A review on dietary intake, health impact, regulations and alternatives. J Food Sci. 2021;86(12):5159-5174. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.15977</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наумова Н.Л., Бец Ю.А. Трансжиры в современных пищевых системах. Modern Sciens. 2020;(11-4):36-39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naumova NL, Bec YuA. Transzhiry v sovremennykh pishchevykh sistemakh. Modern Sciens. 2020;11(4):36-39. (in Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Технический регламент Таможенного союза «Технический регламент на масложировую продукцию» № ТР ТС 024/2011, утверждён Решением Комиссии Таможенного союза от 9 декабря 2011 года N 883. Ссылка активна на: 10.06.2023. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/902320571</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tekhnicheskiy reglament Tamozhennogo soyuza «Tekhnicheskiy reglament na maslozhirovuyu produktsiyu» № TR TS 024/2011, utverzhden Resheniem Komissii Tamozhennogo soyuza ot 9 dekabrya 2011 goda N 883. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/902320571. Accessed: November 1, 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вильмс Е.А., Турчанинов Д.В., Антонова И.В., Козубенко О.В. Оценка роли пищевых и генетических детерминант в формировании риска заболеваний, связанных с нарушением фолатного цикла, у населения Омской области. Вопросы питания. 2023;92(2):35-42. DOI: 10.33029/0042-8833-2023-92-2-35-42</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vilms EA, Turchaninov DV, Antonova IV, Kozubenko OV. Assessment of the role of nutritional and genetic determinants in the formation of the risk of diseases associated with folate cycle disorders in the population of the Omsk region. Problems of nutrition. 2023;92(2):35-42. (in Russ) https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2023-92-2-35-42</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Турчанинов Д.В., Цехановская А.Д., Гогадзе Н.В., Вильмс Е.А., Пермякова Н.Ю., Турчанинова М.С. Свидетельство о государственной регистрации базы данных № 2021622828 Российская Федерация. Содержание транс-изомеров жирных кислот в пищевых продуктах, потребляемых населением Омской области: № 2021622775 : заявл. 29.11.2021: опубл. 08.12.2021; заявитель и правообладатель ФГБОУ ВО ОмГМУ (RU). Ссылка активна на 01.11.2023. https://www.elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_47433508_54937875.PDF</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turchaninov DV, Cekhanovskaya AD, Gogadze NV, Vil'ms EA, Permyakova NYu, Turchaninova MS. Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii bazy dannykh № 2021622828 Rossiyskaya Federatsiya. Soderzhanie trans-izomerov zhirnykh kislot v pishchevykh produktakh, potreblyaemykh naseleniem Omskoy oblasti: № 2021622775 : zayavl. 29.11.2021: opubl. 08.12.2021; zayavitel' i pravoobladatel' FGBOU VO OmGMU (RU). Available at: https://www.elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_47433508_54937875.PDF Accessed: November 1, 2023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Матвеева, Т.А., Резниченко И.Ю. Мониторинг содержания транс-изомеров жирных кислот в молочных продуктах. Молочная промышленность. 2021;11:59-61. https://doi.org/10.31515/1019-8946-2021-11-59-61</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveeva TA, Reznichenko IYu. Monitoring the content of trans-fatty acids in dairy products. Molochnaya promyshlennost'. 2021;11:59-61. (in Russ). https://doi.org/10.31515/1019-8946-2021-11-59-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
