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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23946/2500-0764-2023-8-4-73-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-798</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиологические особенности инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи, в кардиохирургии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare-associated infections in cardiac surgery: epidemiological features</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-0962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садовников</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadovnikov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Садовников Евгений Евгеньевич - аспирант кафедры эпидемиологии, инфекционных болезней и дерматовенерологии.</p><p>650056, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Еvgeny E. Sadovnikov - MD, PhD Student, Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, Dermatology and Venereology, Kemerovo State Medical University.</p><p>22a, Voroshilova Street, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evsadov1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-5039</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поцелуев</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potseluev</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поцелуев Николай Юрьевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры гигиены и основ экологии человека.</p><p>656038, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay Y. Potseluev - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Hygiene and Human Ecology, Altay State Medical University.</p><p>40, Lenina Prospekt, Barnaul, Altai Territory, 656038</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барбараш Ольга Леонидовна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор.</p><p>650002, Кемерово, Сосновый б-р, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Barbarash - MD, DSc, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Director.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy boul. Kemerovo, 650002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8616-3227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брусина</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brusina</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брусина Елена Борисовна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии, инфекционных болезней и дерматовенерологии.</p><p>650056, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena B. Brusina - MD, DSc, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, Dermatology and Venereology, Kemerovo State Medical University.</p><p>22a, Voroshilova Street, Kemerovo, 650056</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Садовников Е.Е., Поцелуев Н.Ю., Барбараш О.Л., Брусина Е.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Садовников Е.Е., Поцелуев Н.Ю., Барбараш О.Л., Брусина Е.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sadovnikov E.E., Potseluev N.Y., Barbarash O.L., Brusina E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/798">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/798</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка интенсивности и особенностей проявлений эпидемического процесса инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи (ИСМП) в кардиохирургическом стационаре для реализации риск-ориентированной стратегии профилактики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнено описательное сплошное ретроспективное эпидемиологическое исследование эпидемического процесса ИСМП с 2018 по 2022 гг. у пациентов крупного кардиохирургического стационара (n = 6179). Во всех случаях были рассчитаны стратифицированные показатели. Для отображения неизвестных взаимосвязей и составления прогноза выполнен спектральный анализ Фурье с последующим использованием технологии искусственного интеллекта – нейронных сетей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средний показатель частоты ИСМП за 5-летний период составил 4,22 на 1000 пациенто-дней. В многолетней динамике наблюдалась выраженная тенденция к снижению. Частота ИСМП при операциях в условиях искусственного кровообращения (ИК) была в 3 раза выше, чем без ИК (4,68 и 1,51 на 1000 пациенто-дней соответственно). Анализом Фурье были выявлены повторяющиеся каждые 10, 20, 30 циклов подъемы ИСМП. Цикличность ИСМП в наблюдаемом стационаре обусловлена доминирующей Klebsiella pneumoniae. Для других возбудителей такой цикличности выявлено не было. Технология нейросетевого моделирования не выявила нейросетей, пригодных для описания прогноза. Klebsiella pneumoniae проявляла свойства, типичные для госпитальной популяции и обусловила 35,49% всех случаев ИСМП, обладала в 74,45% случаев мультирезистентностью к антибиотикам, при этом более половины штаммов имели расширенную резистентность, а 10,21% были панрезистентны. Высокую эпидемическую активность проявлял и Acinetobacter baumanii, который вызывал почти пятую часть всех случаев ИСМП, хотя его характеристики резистентности к антимикробным препаратам были менее выражены, чем у Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Эпидемиологическая характеристика эпидемического процесса ИСМП относится к обязательным компонентам идентификации риска. Выявленные особенности динамики эпидемического процесса ИСМП в кардиохирургическом стационаре, групп и времени риска, структуры и характеристик микробиоты должны быть учтены в системе риск-менеджмента ИСМП.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To identify the epidemiological features of HAIs in all patients admitted for surgery from 2018 to 2022. in a cardiac surgery hospital for the implementation of a risk-based prevention strategy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A descriptive retrospective epidemiological study of the HAI epidemic process was performed from 2018 to 2022. in patients of a large cardiac surgery hospital (n = 6179). Stratified indicators were calculated. To display unknown relationships and make a forecast, Fourier spectral analysis was performed, followed by the use of artificial intelligence technology - neural networks. The STATISTICA Automated Neural Networks (SANN) tool was used, as well as the StatTech v. 3.0.5.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average rate of HAIs incidence over a 5-year period was 4.22 per 1000 patient days. We revealed decreasing trend of HAIs. Incidence of HCAI cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (CBS) was 3 times higher than without CBS (4.68 and 1.51 per 1000 patient-days, respectively). Fourier analysis revealed 10, 20, 30 cyclicity due to the dominant Klebsiella pneumoniae without the same time-series for other pathogens. The technology of neural network modeling did not reveal neural networks suitable for describing the forecast. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed properties typical of the hospital population and caused 35.49% of all cases of HAIs, had multidrug resistance to antibiotics in 74.45% of cases, with more than half of the strains having extended resistance, and 10.21% were pan-resistant. Acinetobacter baumanii also showed high epidemic activity, causing almost a fifth of all cases of HAIs, although its antimicrobial resistance characteristics were less pronounced than those of Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic process of HCAI is one of the mandatory components of risk identification. The identified features of the dynamics of the epidemic process of HCAI in a cardiac surgery hospital, risk groups and time, the structure and characteristics of the microbiota should be taken into account in the HCAI risk management system.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>связанные с оказанием медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>кардиохирургия</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологическое описательное исследование</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Acinetobacter baumannii</kwd><kwd>резистентность к антибиотикам</kwd><kwd>группы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthcare-associated infections</kwd><kwd>Heart surgery</kwd><kwd>Epidemiological description study</kwd><kwd>Klebsiella pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Acinetobacter baumannii</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>risk groups</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калининская А.А., Лазарев А.В., Васильева Т.П., Кизеев М.В., Рассоха Д.В. 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