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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fcmedicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-0764</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0941</issn><publisher><publisher-name>КемГМУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fcmedicine-84</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О ТАКСОНОМИИ, МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СВОЙСТВАХ БИФИДОБАКТЕРИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CURRENT OPINION ON TAXONOMY, MORPHOLOGICAL, AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BIFIDOBACTERIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>YULIYА V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леванова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levanova</surname><given-names>LYUDMILA A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова Ю.В., Леванова Л.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова Ю.В., Леванова Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova Y.V., Levanova L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/84">https://fcm.kemsmu.ru/jour/article/view/84</self-uri><abstract><p>В лекции представлены современные сведения по систематике бифидобактерий, основанные на комбинированном  принципе  таксономии, включающем фенотипические, генотипические  и  филогенетические  характеристики бактерий. Приведены данные о новых и реклассифицированных видах и подвидах бифидобактерий.  Дана  характеристика  состава  и  общих признаков представителей семейства Bifidobacteriaceae.  Описаны  морфология,  особенности строения  клеточной  стенки  бифидобактерий, современные данные о геноме и внехромосомных факторах наследственности. Уделено внимание  пилеподобным  структурам  как  основным факторам адгезии, их строению, условиям и  интенсивности  образования у разных видов бифидобактерий. Показана роль некоторых сахаролитических  ферментов  бифидобактерий  в адгезивном процессе. Представлены данные по физиологии бифидобактерий, в том числе особенностям метаболизма, ключевых ферментах, участвующих  в сбраживании  гексоз,  описаны источники питания и условия роста, о чувствительности  бифидобактерий к кислороду и их экологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Here we present current information on the taxonomy  of  bifidobacteria,  which  is  based  on their phenotypic, genetic and phylogenetic characteristics.  We  also  provide  the  data  on  newly discovered and reclassified species and subspecies of bifidobacteria. Furthermore, we consider the composition of the Bifidobacteriaceae family. This lecture summarizes the general data on morphology, cell wall structure, genome, and extrachromosomal inheritance in bifidobacteria. Particular attention is given to pili-like structures and saccharolytic enzymes responsible for adhesion. We then review key energy sources of bifidobacteria, their growth conditions, and specific  enzymes  involved  in  the  fermentation  of hexoses.  Finally,  we  discuss ecological aspects related to bifidobacteria.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бифидобактерии</kwd><kwd>таксономия</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>метаболизм</kwd><kwd>экология</kwd><kwd>bifidobacteria</kwd><kwd>taxonomy</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd><kwd>ecology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whitman WB, Goodfellow M, Kämpfer P, Busse H-J, Trujillo ME, Ludwig W, et al. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed., Vol. 5, parts A and B, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2012: 2031 p. 2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whitman WB, Goodfellow M, Kämpfer P, Busse H-J, Trujillo ME, Ludwig W, et al. 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