Clinicopathological Features of Smoking Patients with Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease According to the Frailty Registry

Aim. To analyse clinicopathological features of smoking patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.

Material and Methods. We analysed the data from the FRAILTY registry which includes patients with coronary artery disease. In addition to clinical features, we assessed echocardiography data and lipid metabolism levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low- and high-density lipoproteins, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein).

Results. Of the 381 CAD patients, 178 (46.7%) have smoked at some point (107 (60.1%) current smokers and 71 (39.1%) smoking quitters), whereas 203 (53.3%) patients have never smoked. These groups were comparable in age and cardiovascular disease prevalence. Smokers or smoking quitters’ group had higher proportion of males (78.1 vs. 69%; p = 0.045), higher prevalence of myocardial infarction (61.8 vs. 55.2%; p = 0.047), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (6.4 vs. 2.3%; p = 0.045), and lower extremity peripheral artery disease (47.8 vs. 31.5%; p = 0.041). There were no differences between the groups regarding the risk of death after cardiac surgery. The level of total cholesterol was 1.8-fold higher in smokers and smoking quitters as compared with patients who never smoked (5.5 (3.7; 6.7) vs. 3.0 (2.2; 4.0) mmol/L; p = 0.01). Similar pattern was discovered regarding to the level of C-reactive protein (5.1 (2.4; 5.3) vs. 3.9 (2.2; 4.2) mg/L in smokers/smoking quitters and never smokers, respectively; p = 0.041). The analysis of echocardiography parameters did not reveal statistically significant differences.

Conclusion. Smoking frequently accompanies coronary artery disease. Current smokers and smoking quitters were characterized by higher frequency of myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lower extremity peripheral artery disease Further, current smokers and smoking quitters had higher serum total cholesterol and C-reactive protein.

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